1. NORMAL ANATOMICAL RADIOGRAPHIC LANDMARKS
Mohammed Malik Afroz

2. NORMAL RADIOGRAPHIC ANATOMY –
{ INTRAORAL PERIAPICAL FILMS}

3. RADIOLUCENT RADIO OPAQUE
MAXILLA
RADIOLUCENT RADIO OPAQUE
INTERMAXILLARY SUTURE
NASAL FOSSA
INCISIVE FORAMEN
LATERAL FOSSA
NOSE
NASOLACRIMAL CANAL
ANTERIOR NASAL SPINE
NASAL SEPTUM
FLOOR OF NASAL FOSSA
NASOLABIAL FOLD
MAXILLARY SINUS
ZYGOMATIC PROCESS
MAXILLARY TUBEROSITY
HAMULAR NOTCH

4. Radiolucent Land Marks of Maxilla

5. Intermaxillary suture
THIN RADIOLUCENT LINE
MIDLINE

6. Nasal Fossa
Well defined radiolucency
Either side of nasal septum

7. Incisive foramen OVOID RADIOLUCENCY WELL DEFINED
BETWEEN ROOTS OF CENTRALS

8. Lateral fossa
Depression – canine lateral
Diffuse radiolucency

9. Nasolacrimal canal
Connects nasal cavity to lacrimal gland

10. OCCLUSAL VIEW
IOPA

11. Radiopaque Landmarks of Maxilla

12. Anterior nasal spine
V SHAPED
RADIO-OPACITY
1.5 –2 CM ABOVE CREST

13. Nasal septum
THICK RADIO OPAQUE LINE
ABOVE APICES OF CENTRALS

14. Floor of nasal fossa
THIN RADIO OPAQUE LINE
EITHER SIDE –NASAL SEPTUM

15. Nose
Soft tissue shadow

16. Nasolabial fold
CANINE - PREMOLAR AREA
OBLIQUE SOFT TISSUE SHADOW

17. Maxillary sinus
AIR FILLED CAVITY

18. SEPTA
INVERTED Y OF ENNIS
DIPPING OF SINUS

19. Zygomatic process

20. Maxillary tuberosity
Radio opaque bulge
Distal to 3 rd molar

21. Hamular notch
Hook like projection
Extends from medial pterygoid plate

22. MANDIBLE

23. RADIOLUCENT RADIO OPAQUE
SYMPHYSIS
MENTAL FOSSA
SUBMANDIBULAR GLAND FOSSA
MENTAL FORAMEN
MANDIBULAR CANAL
NUTRIENT CANALS
GENIAL TUBERCLES
MENTAL RIDGE
MYLOHYOID RIDGE
EXTERNAL OBLIQUE RIDGE
INFERIOR BORDER
CORONOID PROCESS

24. Radiolucent Landmarks of Mandible

25. Symphysis Seen in Infants Radio lucent line MIDLINE
Importance in adults:
Cleft /fracture
Oral radiology-Principles and Interpretation
(White &Pharoah 5th edition)

26. Mental fossa Scooped out depression Anterior mandible
Oral radiology-Principles and Interpretation
(White &Pharoah 5th edition)

27. Submandibular gland fossa
DIFFUSE
RADIOLUCENCY
MOLAR AREA
CAVITY
ACCOMODATES SG
Þ   “FUNDAMENTALS OF ORAL MEDICINE AND RADIOLOGY”-
(Bailoor DN –Nagesh K S) 3 rd EDITION

28. Mental foramen OVOID RADIOLUCENCY PREMOLAR AREA
Oral radiology-Principles and Interpretation
(White &Pharoah 5th edition)

29. Þ “FUNDAMENTALS OF ORAL MEDICINE AND RADIOLOGY”-
Mandibular canal
Linear radiolucent shadow
Mental foramen to mand foramen
Radio opaque superior /inferior borders
Þ   “FUNDAMENTALS OF ORAL MEDICINE AND RADIOLOGY”-
(Bailoor DN –Nagesh K S) 3 rd EDITION

30. Nutrient canals RUNS VERTICALLY UPWARDS (White &Pharoah 5th edition)
Oral radiology-Principles and Interpretation
(White &Pharoah 5th edition)

31. Radiopaque Landmarks of Mandible

32. Genial tubercles Lingual surface Spine shaped projection
Attachment of muscles
Oral radiology-Principles and Interpretation
(White &Pharoah 5th edition)

33. OCCLUSAL/IOPA VIEWS
Lingual foramen

34. Mental ridge Extends from premolar (White &Pharoah 5th edition)
Oral radiology-Principles and Interpretation
(White &Pharoah 5th edition)

35. 2 Radio opaque lines
IOPA of mand centrals
(Bilateral)

36. Mylohyoid ridge
LEVEL OF MOLAR APICES
ABOVE THE MAND CANAL

37. External oblique ridge
RADIO OPAQUE LINE
MANDIBULAR 3rD MOLAR REGION
NEAR ALVEOLAR CREST
Oral radiology-Principles and Interpretation
(White &Pharoah 5th edition)

38. Inferior border of mandible
DENSE RADIO OPAQUE BAND
OCCASIONALLY SEEN
Oral radiology-Principles and Interpretation
(White &Pharoah 5th edition)

39. Coronoid process Downward /forward Periapical view of max 3rd molar
Movement of coronoid
During opening
Oral radiology-Principles and Interpretation
(White &Pharoah 5th edition)

40. Importance :
Differentiate from pathology
NASOPALATINE DUCT CYST

41. Any Questions ?????
Thank You