2. BIO. 1300/1400/2393/3393 THE CELL

3. CELL MEMBRANE FLUID MOSAIC MODEL SEMIPERMEABLE CONTAINS PHOSPHOLIPIDS CONTAINS NUMEROUS PROTEINS TRANSPORT PROTEINS ENZYMES CHANNEL PROTEINS RECOGNITION PROTEINS RECEPTOR PROTEINS

4. PROKARYOTIC CELLS NO TRUE NUCLEUS HAVE MEMBRANES MAY HAVE PROTECTIVE AREA AROUND THE MEMBRANE MAY HAVE MOTILITY ORGANELLES EXTENDING FROM THE MEMBRANE BACTERIA AND BLUE- GREEN ALGAE

5. EUKARYOTIC CELLS HAVE A TRUE NUCLEUS NUCLEUS HAS A DOUBLE MEMBRANE MAY HAVE A NUCLEOLUS —AREA WHICH STORES AND PROCESSES RNA BEFORE IT IS RELEASED FROM THE NUCLEUS DNA COMPOSES THE CHROMATIN FOUND WITHIN THE NUCLEUS

6. MOVING THROUGH MEMBRANES PASSIVE PROCESSES—NO ATP REQUIRED AND NO CARRIER COMPOUNDS ACTIVE PROCESSES—ATP AND CARRIER COMPOUNDS ARE USED ACTIVE TRANSPORT PINOCYTOSIS PHAGOCYTOSIS

7. PASSIVE MOVEMENT ACROSS CELL MEMBRANES DIFFUSION  CAN OCCUR IN A SOLID, A LIQUID OR A GAS  THE MOVEMENT OF MATERIAL FROM AN AREA OF GREATER CONCENTRATION TO AN AREA OF LESSER CONCENTRATION OSMOSIS—DIFFUSION OF WATER THROUGH A SEMIPERMEABLE MEMBRANE FACILITATED DIFFUSION—CARRIER COMPOUND USED BUT NO ATP

8. TYPES OF SOLUTIONS ISOTONIC—THE CONCENTRATION OF PARTICLES PER UNIT VOLUME IS THE SAME INSIDE AND OUTSIDE THE CELL—THERE IS NO NET OSMOSIS OF WATER TO THE OUTSIDE OR THE OUTSIDE OF THE CELL— THE CELL STAYS THE SAME SIZE

9. TYPES OF SOLUTIONS HYPOTONIC— THERE ARE FEWER PARTICLES PER UNIT VOLUME IN THE SOLUTION THAN IN THE CELL—NET OSMOSIS OF WATER IS TO THE INSIDE OF THE CELL— THE CELL SWELLS

10. TYPES OF SOLUTIONS HYPERTONIC— THERE ARE MORE PARTICLES PER UNIT VOLUME IN THE SOLUTION THAN IN THE CELL—THERE IS NET OSMOSIS OF WATER TO THE OUTSIDE OF THE CELL—THE CELL SHRINKS

11. OSMOTIC PRESSURE THE OSMOTIC PRESSURE OF A SOLUTION IS DIRECTLY RELATED TO THE NUMBER OF PARTICLES PRESENT— THE MORE PARTICLES THE GREATER THE OSMOTIC PRESSURE AND VICE VERSA

12. PINOCYTOSIS—CELL DRINKING MATERIALS LAND ON THE CELL MEMBRANE MEMBRANE INVAGINATES FORMING A PINOSOME LYSOSOME IN THE CELL COMBINES WITH THE PINOSOME FORMING A PINOLYSOSOME RESIDUAL BODY IS WASTE—CONTAINS NON-DIGESTIBLE MATERIAL

13. PHAGOCYTOSIS—CELL EATING PROCESSES OF THE CELL —PSEUDOPODS OR FALSE ARMS MOVE OUT TO SURROUND THE MATERIAL AND BRING IT INTO THE CELL FORMING A PHAGOSOME LYSOSOME JOINS WITH THE PHAGOSOME TO MAKE A PHAGOLYSOSOME THE RESIDUAL BODY IS THE WASTE LEFT AFTER DIGESTION IS COMPLETED

14. CELL ORGANELLES MEMBRANOUS ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM— ROUGH OR SMOOTH GOLGI BODY LYSOSOMES VACUOLES— PEROXISOMES AND CONTRACTILE VACUOLES MITOCHONDRION— CONTAINS FOLDS CALLED CRISTAE CELL RESPIRATION OCCURS IN THIS ORGANELLE— KREB’S CYCLE AND THE ELECTRON TRANSPORT SYSTEM CHLOROPLASTS— PHOTOSYNTHESIS OCCURS HERE CONTAIN STACKS OF THYLAKOIDS CALLED GRANA WHICH ARE HELD TOGETHER BY LAMELLAE OR FRETS

15. NONMEMBRANOUS ORGANELLES RIBOSOMES— INVOLVED IN PROTEIN SYNTHESIS MAY BE ATTACHED TO THE ER MAY BE IN POLYSOMES—CHAINS OF RIBOSOMES WITH M RNA IN THE CYTOSOL MICROTUBULES MICROFILAMENTS AND INTERMEDIATE FIBERS [PP. 74-75] CENTRIOLES—[9+0 PATTERN]- LOCATED IN A REGION CALLED THE CENTROSOME CILIA AND FLAGELLA HAVE THE 9+2 PATTERN OF MICROTUBULES INCLUSION BODIES

16. COMPARING PLANT AND ANIMAL CELLS PLANT CELLS HAVE CELL WALLS AND ANIMAL CELLS DO NOT PLANT CELLS HAVE CHLOROPLASTS AND ANIMAL CELLS DO NOT PLANT CELLS HAVE A LARGE CENTRAL VACUOLE FILLED WITH WATER WHICH ANIMALS DO NOT HAVE ANIMAL CELLS HAVE CENTRIOLES AND PLANT CELLS DO NOT [ PLANT CELLS DO HAVE A MICROTUBULE ORGANIZING CENTER WHICH PRODUCES SPINDLE FIBERS DURING CELL DIVISION ]