1. Unit 5 Study Guide Review

2. 1. Which political agreement instituted the Fugitive Slave Law? Compromise of 1850 2. What group believed in states rights? Secessionists 3. What issue regarding the economy lead to the Civil War? Slavery 4. What was the purpose of both the Missouri Compromise and the Compromise of 1850? Resolve disputes over slavery

3. 5. What was the purpose of the Compromise of 1850? The Compromise of 1850 consists of five laws passed in September of 1850 that dealt with the issue of slavery. As part of the Compromise of 1850, the Fugitive Slave Act was amended. California entered the Union as a free state.Fugitive Slave Act was amended California entered the Union 6. Who was Alexander Stephens and what role did he play in both Georgia’s decision to secede and the new confederate government? Georgia Congressman who played a key role in getting Georgia to accept the Compromise of 1850, voted against slavery in 1861, and became Vice President of the Confederacy.

4. 7.What did secessionist believe? The South must break away from the Union before the federal government rips away all our rights. 8.Who stated that he would not act to ensure Georgia respect the decision of the Supreme Court in (Wocester vs Georgia) and who was he talking to? Andrew Jackson to John Marshall 9.What does the following statement represent? “Georgia would support the Compromise of 1850 so long as the federal government did not outlaw slavery in the western territories.” The Georgia Platform

5. 10.What federal law re-ignited the slavery debate by allowing popular sovereignty to decide the issue of slavery in the previously free territory of Kansas? Kansas-Nebraska Act 11.How did Georgians feel about the election of Abraham Lincoln? They were upset with the election 12. Part of the war was fought in the Eastern Theater and part in the Western Theater. Which theater did the majority of Georgians fight in? Eastern

6. 13. What document stated the belief that states have the right to ignore any federal law believed to violate the Constitution? Doctrine of Nullification 14. What was the purpose of the Union’s blockade? To keep the south from trading goods by ships 15. What did the Emancipation Proclamation do? It freed the slaves in the Confederate States 16. Why did Sherman think it was important to conquer Atlanta? It was an important railroad hub

7. 17. The process of rebuilding the South after the Civil War was known as what? Reconstruction 18. What was the court case that denied a slave, both his freedom and the right to sue the government; struck down the Missouri Compromise – stating that no state could deny a slave owner of his “property” without due process; outraged abolitionist, but was supported by slave owners in the South? Dred Scott Case 19. Who was the Republican elected in 1860 who opposed slavery in the new Territories, which upset the southern states and inspired them to secede from the Union? Abraham Lincoln

8. 20. What did some African-Americans in Georgia do after the war? Some won elections to political parties 21. What amendments freed African-Americans from slavery, gave former slaves the right to vote, gave African-Americans the same rights that white citizens enjoyed by law. 13 th, 14 th, and 15 th amendments 22. What plan was designed to squeeze the life out of the Confederacy by cutting off supplies and trade? Union Blockade of Southern Ports

9. 23. Who was the African-American politician that agreed would agree that “Blacks cannot hope to get justice in the South and should leave for Africa?” Henry McNeal Turner 24. How did the Civil War affect Georgia? Thousands of Georgians lost their lives while many others were affected at home 25. Which amendment ended slavery throughout the United States? 13 th Amendment

10. 26. True or False - A member of the Ku Klux Klan would have least supported the Radical Republicans? 27. Where did the battle of Chickamauga occur? Northern Georgia 28. Who did the Freedmen’s Bureau help in the South after the Civil War? African- Americans in the South after the Civil War

11. 29. The idea that states should be allowed to settle most matters themselves and have the power to govern what goes on inside their own borders is called what? States’ Rights 30. Who was a great military general for the Confederacy who lost at Gettysburg and eventually surrendered at Appomatox Courthouse? Robert E. Lee 31. What was the bloodiest, single-day, battle of the war? Antietam

12. 32. What battle was fought in northern Georgia that was a victory for the South, resulting in Lincoln replacing the commander of the Union troops? Battle of Chickamauga 33. What was the event that happened from Atlanta to Savannah in which troops burned buildings, destroyed rail lines, burned factories, demolished bridges, crippling the South’s ability to make and ship supplies? Sherman’s March to the Sea 34. What was one of the most effective strategies used by the Union to defeat the Confederacy? Naval Blockades

13. 35. What was the notorious southern prison in Georgia where many Union prisoners were treated badly, died from disease and starvation, resulting in the execution of a military commander for war crimes? Andersonville 36. What is a system in which freed slaves agreed to work a white landowners land in exchange for housing and a percentage of any products produced? Sharecropping 37. What was the name of the African-American elected to the legislature during Reconstruction; who encouraged freed slaves to move to Africa? Henry McNeal Turner

14. 38. What was the name of the agreement that allowed Republican Rutherford B. Hayes to be president in exchange for the US government ending Reconstruction? Compromise of 1877 39. Who was the cooperationist that opposed secession at the Georgia convention? Alexander Stephens 40. What event placed Atlanta under Union control and reignited support for President Lincoln in the North? Sherman’s Atlanta Campaign

15. 41. What was a family doing when they rented a portion of private land and owned the crops they grew? Tenant Farming 42. What group of Americans routinely terrorized, lynched, and violated the civil rights of African-American citizens? Ku Klux Klan 43. In 1867 what was the name given to white southerners who supported the Republican Party? Scalawags

16. 44. For roughly a hundred years, only Democrats won elections for high offices in the south; giving them a strong grip on southern political power. This was known as what? Solid South 45. What group supported a stricter form of Reconstruction that punished the South, required the majority of a southern state’s population to swear allegiance to the Union, guaranteed the civil rights of freed slaves, and led an effort to impeach President Johnson? Radical Republicans

17. 46. What amendment to the US Constitution guaranteed African-American men the right to vote? 15 th Amendment 47. Which battle tried to prevent Sherman from reaching Atlanta? Kennesaw Mountain 48. A ship that attempted to break through the Union forces to take southern cotton overseas or bring supplies from overseas to the South were called what? Blockade Runners

18. 49. Historically, what kinds of goods and services have been produced in Georgia? Rice, Indigo, Lumber, Tobacco, Cotton, Turpentine, Peanuts, Soybeans, Corn, Paper, and Poultry 50. What best describes how Georgians have engaged in trade in different historical time periods? Before the Revolutionary War, the colony supplied raw materials in the form of rice, indigo, lumber and naval stores, and regularly purchased manufactured goods from the mother country. Cotton fueled the economy. After the war, many colonies had to make difficult decisions about how to respond to serious economic problems.