2. The Minoan World: 2800 B.C.E.- 1400 B.C.E.

3. Linear A

4. The Abduction of Europa Zeus

5. Rembrandt’s Painting of the Abduction (1632)

6. The Legacy of Europa Today

7. King Minos Coast of Crete

9. CRETE Knossos Troy Miletus Sparta Mycenae Corinth Athens Thebes ASIA MINOR (TURKEY) MACEDONIA PELOPONNESUS THERMOPYLAE * * MARATHON ^ Mt. Olympus IONIAN SEA MEDITERRANEAN SEA AEGEAN SEA RHODES LESBOS ATTICA Plataea *

10. Minoan Ships Mast Prow

11. “Bireme” ship Deck over rowers

12. Palace of King Minos at Knossos on Crete

13. Double Axes Found on Crete

14. Labrys = Greek for “double axe” Labyrinth = Greek for “the House of the Double Axe”

15. The Throne of King Minos

17. The Queen’s rooms, with blue dolphins

18. Minoan Artistic “Motifs”

19. Water System at Knossos

20. Storage containers at Knossos

21. Minoan People & Religion Minoan Priest Minoan Snake Goddess

22. Religious procession Women were important to Minoan religion.

23. BULL-LEAPING

24. Bull Cult

25. Polytheistic Poly= many Theistic= gods Like the Egyptians the Minoans had many gods. So would the Greeks, but the Greek gods won’t have animal qualities.

26. Snake “goddess” -goddess? -priestess? -worshipper?

27. Theseus and the Minotaur

28. The Mycenaean World: 1600- 1100 B.C.E.

29. Metalworking Minoans vs. Mycenaeans

30. Palaces Minoans vs. Mycenaeans

31. Pottery Minoans vs. Mycenaeans

32. Religious Practices Minoans vs. Mycenaeans

33. Water Systems Minoans vs. Mycenaeans

34. WRITING Minoans vs. Mycenaeans

35. END OF MINOAN CIVILIZATION Civilization came to an end around 1400 BC –All palaces destroyed and never rebuilt Theory 1Theory 1 –Invaded by Mycenaeans in 1400 BC Destroyed Crete to eliminate Minoans as trade rivals Theory 2Theory 2 –Massive volcanic eruption on island of Thera showered Crete with debris, ash, and poison gas Destroyed fleets with tidal waves Mycenaeans arrived after catastrophe and destroyed what was left

36. Mycenae Near the sea Access to fresh water Walled city

37. Mycenae The Lions Gate: entrance to the city

38. Lions Gate

39. MYCENEAN AGE 1600-1150 BC Had some contact with Minoan civilization by at least 1600 BC Typical of the very warlike, semi-barbarian cultures that extended over most of Europe –Only difference was that contact with Minoans gradually caused the Mycenaeans to lose some of their barbarism and allowed them to develop a more sophisticated culture

40. Warriors

41. Homer’s Great Epics

42. Homer, the Blind Poet The Trojan War

43. Brutal Combat

44. Wall of Troy Recreated

45. Plan of the City of Troy

46. The “Trojan Horse”?

47. AchillesHector

48. Troy

50. DORIC COLUMNS

51. IONIC COLUMNS

52. CORINTHIAN COLUMNS