1. Dual Atmosphere Exposure Apparatus at Montana State University
High Temperature Corrosion Laboratory
Dr. P.E. Gannon

2. The dual atmosphere rig is a custom test apparatus
which allows simultaneous specimen exposures
to single (air/air) and dual atmospheres (air/fuel).

3. bubblers
programmable
unit
Tubular furnace
flowmeters H2
generator

4. Programmable (ramp, dwell and
number of cycles) tubular
furnace
Possibility to work at
temperatureup up to 1200°C
Controlled gas moisturizing
by flowmeters and bubblers
Possibility to perform tests using
pure H2 by the H2O electrolyzer
connected to the system

5. Technical drawings
Sample holder
tops

6. Sample holder Circular samples 25 mm diameter and
thickness between 0.2 and 0.8 mm
gas sealing by mica o-rings (23.5 x 18 x 1 mm)
stainless
Steel
sample
mica
ring

7. Final assembly
sample
mica ring
top 1
top 2
Mechanical sealing by the customized tops and screws/nuts
Helium leak testing before sample holder
insertion in the tubular furnace

8. Running test

9. Oxidation behavior of coated and uncoated ferritic steel (1/2)
An example:
Oxidation behavior of coated and uncoated ferritic steel (1/2)
Sample: uncoated
Crofer 22 APU
Parameters: 200 hours
800°C
3% moist gases

10. Oxidation behavior of coated and uncoated ferritic steel (2/2)
An example:
Oxidation behavior of coated and uncoated ferritic steel (2/2)
Sample: Co/Mn coated
Crofer 22 APU
Parameters: 200 hours
800°C
3% moist gases

11. Published papers
R. Amendola, P. Gannon, B. Ellingwood, K. Hoyt, P.Piccardo, P. Genocchio, “Oxidation behavior of coated and pre-oxidized ferritic steel in single and dual atmosphere exposures at 800 °C” Surface and coatings technology, In press October 2011
K. Hoyt, P. Gannon, P. White, R. Tortop, “Oxidation behavior of (CoMn)3O4 Coatings on Preoxidized 441HP Stainless Steel” International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, In press October 2011
C. Macauley, P. Gannon, M. Deibert, P. White, “The influence of pre-treatment on the oxidation behavior of Co coated SOFC interconnects”, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Volume 36, Issue 7, April 2011, Pages