1. CITING SOURCES MLA STYLE

2. Why Cite Sources? 4 To avoid plagiarism 4 To credit the source with the original idea or information 4 To lend credibility and authority to a thesis 4 To back up ideas with credible illustrations, known facts, and accepted statistics

3. Plagiarism 4 Plagiarism is a crime – it is the the theft of someone’s else’s words, ideas, or research. 4 If you commit plagiarism, you can fail a course, be expelled from college, lose your job. 4 The easiest route to plagiarism today is cutting and pasting from the internet.

4. Avoid Plagiarism 4 Introduce any material you have borrowed from another source with a signal phrase that mentions the author (or if there is no author, the title ) of the source. 4 Put in quotation marks, any phrase or sentence(s) you have borrowed from the source. 4 If the quotation is longer than 3 lines, indent the quoted words. 4 ANY PHRASES OR SENTENCES QUOTED EXACTLY AND NOT IN QUOTATION MARKS OR INDENTED ARE PLAGIARIZED.

5. Help is Here 4 If you are confused about what plagiarism is or how to cite sources, please make an appointment with me to clarify any issues you might have. 4 If this is a last minute issue, email me, and I will try to respond promptly.

6. Internal Documentation Citing Sources in the Text of an Essay

7. What Needs To Be Cited? 4 Quotations 4 Paraphrased ideas 4 Summarized information 4 Facts 4 Statistics 4 Studies 4 When in doubt, acknowledge the source of the information

8. Ways To Cite Sources Include: 4 Quotation 4 Paraphrase 4 Summary

9. Parenthetical Citation 4 The parenthetical citation must match the first word of the Works Cited citation -- usually the author’s last name -- and must include the page number of the quote, if taken from a paginated text: (Bragg 123). Bragg, Rick. “Country Club Meets the Enemy: Country Music and Pigs.” 1999. Rpt. Somebody Told Me: The Newspaper Stories of Rick Bragg. Tuscaloosa: U of Alabama P, 2000. 123-25.

10. In-text reference  an in-text reference to show that a piece of information, idea, quotation, etc. you have included in your writing belongs to another writer. It is always designed to be short because it is interrupting the text, and is usually in parentheses: 4 In recent years, there has been a rapid increase in car sales in Thailand (Honda 1995). OR 4 In recent years, there has been a rapid increase in car sales in Thailand (Honda, 1995). OR 4 In recent years there has been a rapid increase in car sales in Thailand [1].

11. Remember... 4 The parenthetical citation must match the first word of the Works Cited citation, usually the author’s last name, and include a page reference or a year 4 Quotes repeat the author’s exact words. 4 Paraphrases restate the author’s words in the writer’s own words. 4 Summaries abbreviate the author’s words.

12. Reference List

13. Overall Format 4 The title -- Works Cited -- is centered at the top of the page. It is not underlined, italicized or quoted. It should be the same font size as the rest of the citations. 4 The citation list is double-spaced throughout. 4 The citation list is alphabetized. 4 If there is no author, the citation begins with the title of the work – quoted if an article or poem, underlined or italicized if a book. 4 The first line of each citation is at the margin; subsequent lines should be indented about ten spaces.

14. Sample Citations: MLA FORMAT

15. A Book Bragg, Rick. Somebody Told Me: The Newspaper Stories of Rick Bragg. Tuscaloosa: U of Alabama P, 2000. author title of book subtitle of book city of publication publisher year of publication

16. Chapter in a Book Bragg, Rick. “Country Club Meets the Enemy: Country Music and Pigs.” 1999. Rpt. Somebody Told Me: The Newspaper Stories of Rick Bragg. Tuscaloosa: U of Alabama P, 2000. 123-25. author title of chapter original publication date reprint city publisher year of publication inclusive chapter pages title of book subtitle of book

17. Article in a Multi-Volume Reference Work Larkin, Joan. "Frontiers of Language: Three Poets." 1974. Exc. in "Audre Lord.” Contemporary Literary Criticism. Vol. 18. Ed. Sharon R. Gunton. Detroit: Gale Research, 1982. 307-08. author title of work original date volume editor city publisher year of publication inclusive pages of work excerpted title of article title of reference work

18. Article in a Journal Maxwell, Bill. “Angry Young Man.” Forum: The Magazine of the Florida Humanities Council. XXII.2 (Summer 1999): 8-17. author title of article name of journal volume number date inclusive pages of article

19. Article in a Journal found in an Online Database author title of article name of journal Eder, Richard, "The Greatest Woman Poet Since Sappho." Los Angeles Times Book Review 18 Mar. 1990. 3+. Galenet: Literature Resource Center. LINCC. 10 Jan. 2004. date pages publisher database provider date accessed

20. Article found on an Internet Site author title of webpage date posted name of website Lu Yanguang. "Madame Li." 1997. Asia Pac: 100 Celebrated Chinese Women. Trans. Kate Foster. 10 Feb. 2000. translator date accessed URL: web address

21. Work in an Anthology Whitman, Walt. “Osceola.” 1892. Florida in Poetry:. A History of the Imagination. Eds. Jane Anderson author title of work title of book original publication date publisher year of publication inclusive pages of work subtitle of book editors Jones and Maurice O’Sullivan. Sarasota: Pineapple Press, 1995. 30-31. city

22. Bibliography Bragg, Rick. “Country Club Meets the Enemy: Country Music and Pigs.” 1999. Rpt. Somebody Told Me: The Newspaper Stories of Rick Bragg. Tuscaloosa: U of Alabama P, 2000. 123-25. ______. Somebody Told Me: The Newspaper Stories of Rick Bragg. Tuscaloosa: U of Alabama P, 2000. Eder, Richard, "The Greatest Woman Poet Since Sappho." Los Angeles Times Book Review 18 Mar. 1990. 3+. Galenet: Literature Resource Center. LINCC. 10 Jan. 2004.

23. Using Numerical References 4 In some fields of study, the preferred style is to number references in the text rather than cite the author’s name. If the number style is used, the references are listed in numerical order, not in alphabetic order.

24. In the text: 4 Anecdotes intended to associate individual radar operators’ actual health problems with their use of radar equipment have appeared in the literature [1,2]. These concerns have led some law enforcement agencies to suspend the use of radar [2].

25. In the list of references

26. Appendices 4 Appendices follow the list of references. Number or letter appendices and give each a title as if it were a chapter. 4 Example: 4 Appendix 1: Questionnaire 4 Appendix 2: BOI Regulations 4 Appendix A: Derivation of Equations