1. North Africa
Includes the countries of: Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt and Western Sahara

2. Political map of North Africa

3. Landforms
Coastal Plains where North Africa meets the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean
The Atlas Mountains run along the ocean from Morocco through Algeria ending in Tunisia

4. North Africa Today~ Arab Spring
Tunisia
Dec. 17, 2010~ Mohamed Bouazizi sets himself on fire in protest of treatment he received from a government inspector
Jan. 4, 2011~ Bouazizi dies: the movement against the government has gained a great deal of strength especially among the young people of Tunisia
Zine el-Abidine has been the autocratic ruler of Tunisia for over 20 years

5. Mohamed Bouazizi sets himself on fire
Mohamed Bouazizi in the hospital just before he died from the burns that he inflicted on himself.

6. January 14, 2011~ Tunisian President Zine el- Abidine Ben Ali flees his country to Saudi Arabia
The country’s prime minister announces that he is in charge and will organize new elections
*President of Tunisia from 1987 to 2011
*He assumed the Presidency on November 7, 1987 in a bloodless coup d’etat that ousted President Habib Bourquiba

7. On Trial June 20, 2011~ Zine el-Abidine goes on trial in absensia
July 5, 2011~ Zine el-Abidine and his wife each are sentenced to 35 years in prison and fined $64 million in fines for embezzlement and other charges
October 23, 2011~ Tunisia holds it first truly free elections in more than 30 years
Voter turnout was 70%
Islamists have won a majority of the legislative seats
The new government will construct a new constitution

8. Egypt Hosni Mubarak had been the president of Egypt from 1981-2011
He has been accused of increasing the power of the government to an autocratic like rule
Young Egyptians were encouraged by the protests in Tunisia and began protesting Mubarak early in 2011
Feb. 11, 2011~ Hosni Mubarak resigns after many days of refusing to leave office
Protesting continues, some violently, throughout Egypt

9. Egypt cont’t
Late spring~there are clashes throughout the country between Christians and Muslims
Throughout the summer there are clashes, trials and uprisings in many of the large cities of Egypt
Hundreds have died in the clashes since earlier in the year
Egyptians call these people martyrs
Mubarak is gone but as of right now there have not been any new elections
The military is in control

10. Protesters in Egypt

11. Morocco
Protests begin in February 2011 challenging the monarchy that they say has monopolized power
The current king of Morocco is King Mohammed VI
He is from the Alaouite Dynasty that has been in power since the 17th century
The protesters are demanding a new constitution with more democracy
In March, King Mohammed said he will revise the constitution
June 2011~ more protesting a week before the constitution was to be voted on

12. Morocco con’t King Mohammed IV
Parliamentary elections will take place on November 25, 2011
King Mohammed hopes that this will help bring calm to the country and help speed reforms that the citizens are wanting.
King Mohammed IV

13. Libya
Uprisings in Libya began on Feb. 16, 2011 to support Fathi Terbil
Terbil is a lawyer in Libya who agreed to represent the families of inmates who were killed 15 years ago
The Libyan government would not release the names of the inmates or their bodies to their families
Terbil was arrested in February
A group of lawyers and judges gathered in Benghazi at the courthouse to protest his arrest
Soon the family members joined the protestors

14. Fathi Terbil
Initial protest that lead to the overthrow of the Libyan tyrant Muammar Gaddafi

15. Libya, con’t
These protests lead to a full blown rebellion of the Libyan people
This protest set off months of protests throughout the eastern part of Libya
The protests spread and soon NATO and the UN became involved in the Libyan rebels attempt to rid themselves of Gaddafi
Rebel fighters and those loyal to Gaddafi fight for months throughout Libya
Thousands of Libyans have lost their lives during this struggle

16. NATO forces along with the UN call for Gaddafi to leave the country
He refuses and vows to fight to the end
The end finally comes for Gaddafi on October 20,2011
In an attempt to flee the country, Gaddafi’s convoy was spotted trying to leave the city of Sirte
The convoy was bombed and those who weren’t killed or hurt to badly tried to escape on foot
Gaddafi was captured while he was hiding in a cement drainage pipe

17. It is not exactly clear on how Gaddafi died but he did die in the hands of the rebels and by gunshot wounds

18. Social media How do you think it played a role in the Arab Spring?
Did it help insight the protests?
How would the rest of the world find out about these events?
Images of the protestors
Images of the captured leaders
Images of the dead leaders