1. Mass vs volume
Density

2. Thought question
Which is heavier a pound of lead or a pound of feathers?

3. Most people say lead…
They are thinking about if you have the same size piece of lead and feathers obviously the lead will be heavier.
However, a pound of lead is much smaller in size than a pound of feathers
Why?
Feathers are measured by the avoirdupois weight system and a pound weighs 16 ounces. Gold is measured by troy weight and a troy pound is 14 ounces.

4. The answer is density Lead atoms are packed tightly together
Feathers are not

5. Density is… The ratio of the mass of an object to its volume
Density = mass/volume
A 10.0 cm3 piece of lead has a mass of 114 g.
How would you find density?
Density of lead is 11.4 g/cm3

6. Density As mass increases, density increases
As volume increases, density decreases
Depends only on substance not on size

7. A block of maple wood with a volume of 405 cubic centimeters and a density of 0.67 g/cm3 is sawed in half. The density of the two smaller blocks is now --
A one-fourth the original density B one-half the original density C two times the original density D the same as the original density

8. Densities of common materials
Can you find any themes?
Water is 1 g/cm3

9. Density Trends Solids usually most dense Gases usually least dense
Exception is water
Ice is less dense than liquid water
Water expands as it freezes and creates air pockets
Volume increases and mass remains constant, therefore density decreases

10. Floating is related to density
A substance that is less dense will float in a substance that is more dense
Example…
Helium density g/L Air density 1.2 g/L
Water density 1 g/cm3
Oil density g/cm3
Ice density g/cm3
Steel density approx. 8 g/cm3

11. What about ships?
The reason it is so easy is that a good portion of the interior of any boat is air (unlike a cube of steel, which is solid steel throughout). The average density of a boat -- the combination of the steel and the air -- is very light compared to the average density of water. So very little of the boat actually has to submerge into the water before it has displaced the weight of the boat.

12. Calculations
What is the density of a piece of wood that has a mass of 25.0 grams and a volume of 29.4 cm3?
D=m/v
m=25.0 g
v=29.4 cm3
25.0 / 29.4
D = g/cm3

13. A piece of wood that measures 3. 0 cm by 6. 0 cm by 4
A  piece of wood that measures 3.0 cm by  6.0 cm by 4.0 cm has a mass of 80.0 grams. What is the density of the wood? Would the piece of wood float in water?
D = 1.1 g/cm3

14. The density of aluminum is 2. 70 g/mL
The density of aluminum is 2.70 g/mL. If the mass of a piece of aluminum is 244 grams, what is the volume of the aluminum?
Use the triangle
Cover up what you are looking for
It will tell you math to do
V=m/D
V = 90.4 mL