1. Chapter 6: Suffrage/Franchise (right to vote) Federalism dictates that qualification is a state or local issue. ---but why? Suffrage/Franchise (right to vote) Federalism dictates that qualification is a state or local issue. ---but why?

2. 1789 / At first only white male property owners / Benjamin Franklin / Man or the jackass / Today’s electorate / Voting population / 210 million

3. Two Trends / 1. Elimination / Gradual removal of restrictions / Race, sex, religion, property ownership / 2. Federalism / Responsibility is gradually shifting to the federal level. / 1. Elimination / Gradual removal of restrictions / Race, sex, religion, property ownership / 2. Federalism / Responsibility is gradually shifting to the federal level.

4. Extending Suffrage / 1. Removal of religious and property qualification / 1810 all white males / 2. Removal of Racial qualification / 15th amendment / 1. Removal of religious and property qualification / 1810 all white males / 2. Removal of Racial qualification / 15th amendment / 3. Removal of Sex qualification / 19th amendment / 4. Removal of burdens / Civil Rights Acts / Poll tax and other raciest laws / 5. Set minimum age at 18

5. Restrictions on State’s Right to set voting qualifications / 1. Vote in all elections / 2. Restrictions on race / 3. Restrictions on sex / 4. payment / 5. 18 years old / Where are these restrictions listed? / Why must the states obey this? / 1. Vote in all elections / 2. Restrictions on race / 3. Restrictions on sex / 4. payment / 5. 18 years old / Where are these restrictions listed? / Why must the states obey this?

6. Universal Requirements: 3 / 1. Citizenship / Constitution says nothing on this matter / At one time territories allowed non citizens to vote to attract settlers / Distinctions between native and foreign born citizens / Minnesota: 3 / Pennsylvania: 1

7. Residency as a Universal Requirement / All states require you to be a legal resident of that state in order to vote / Why? / Importing / Familiar with local regent and candidate / Growing trend in reducing time required / Exceptions / Transients…no / College students…yes

8. Final Universal Requirement / Pg 153 / 18 / Why? / World war two / Vietnam / How successful has it been? / Never higher then 48%

9. Registration / Procedure of voter identification intended to prevent fraudulent voting / 1900 / Europe / Why here? / Motor Voter Law / Make registration easier / Procedure of voter identification intended to prevent fraudulent voting / 1900 / Europe / Why here? / Motor Voter Law / Make registration easier

10. How important is the right to vote? To those who lack it, life itself. / During the 1960 Civil Rights Workers / Arrest / Beatings / Cattle prods / Death / lynching

11. 15th Amendment / Cannot be denied to any citizen of the United States because of race, color, or condition of servitude / Not self-executing / Lack enforcement / Congress must act / Cannot be denied to any citizen of the United States because of race, color, or condition of servitude / Not self-executing / Lack enforcement / Congress must act

12. Congress: The Federal Governments attempt to reverse federalism / Congress Acts / Outlaw exclusion from political parties / 1944 / Smith v Allwright / Gerrymandering / 1960 / Gomillion v Lightfoot / Civil Rights Laws / 1960 / Martin Luther King Jr. / Tactics to evade the 15th / Violence / Literacy tests / Registration laws / Poll taxes / Gerrymandering / Political “private” parties / Tactics to evade the 15th / Violence / Literacy tests / Registration laws / Poll taxes / Gerrymandering / Political “private” parties

13. Civil Rights Acts solidify the 15th Amendment / 1957 / Civil Rights Act / Civil Right Commission / Inquire / Report to Congress and Public / Power to refer problems to federal court / 1960 / Federal voting referees / Serve anywhere where federal court finds a problem / Help with voter registration / 1957 / Civil Rights Act / Civil Right Commission / Inquire / Report to Congress and Public / Power to refer problems to federal court / 1960 / Federal voting referees / Serve anywhere where federal court finds a problem / Help with voter registration

14. Another Civil Rights Act / 1964 / Outlaws discrimination / Federal Crime / Injunction / Restrains the actions of another individual / Federal crime

15. 1965 Johnson answers Dr. King’s Call… / 1965 / Applies to all elections / Must revote on extension / Pre-clearance / Location of polling places / Boundaries of election districts / Deadlines in the election process / Ward to at large election / Qualifications candidates must meet / 1965 / Applies to all elections / Must revote on extension / Pre-clearance / Location of polling places / Boundaries of election districts / Deadlines in the election process / Ward to at large election / Qualifications candidates must meet

16. Book Work / Section 4 Assessment / Page 172 / 1-6 / Section 4 Assessment / Page 172 / 1-6