1. PRESENTATION ACTION AGAINST BULLYING

2. WHAT IS BULLYING? “Bullying is widely defined as a systematic abuse of power… more specifically as intentional aggressive behaviour that is repeated against a victim who could not readily defend him or herself“(Rigby 2002: 51); Signs can be physical, verbal, direct, indirect, technology;

3. CAUSES OF BULLYING? Social Psychological Factors - to gain power; - show boating, peer pressure; - victim of bullying; - boredom; - jealousy. Social Economic Factors: - poor socialization; - social disorganization & in home & community; - poverty leading to severe physical bullying; - masculinity & gender issues.

4. KEY PROBLEMS FACED GLOBALLY Underreporting; Appears largely as group activity over vulnerable victim or bullied one to one; Rapid growth in Teen Dating Violence/Abusive relationships also seen as bullying.

5. WHY CHOOSE ACTION AGAINST BULLYING? Research, application of methods for preventative educational modules are different to other anti-bullying organizations as combine individual psychological perspectives as well as social factors to explain bullying; Allows for a broader and more well informed preventative activities on bullying and bias-based bullying; All modules include definition, background research, theoretical perspectives/explanations, but in a fun and easy read.

6. HOW CAN SCHOOLS PROTECT THEIR PUPILS? Encourage victims NOT to stay silent, but speak out; Develop peer mentorship programs to enable this; Encourage speaking to an adult (Counselor; teacher; parent); Action Against Bullying to assist in reinforcing preventative programs that should be implemented on a long term basis; Hotlines.

7. PREVENTATIVE MEASURES & ACTION AGAINST BULLYING What procedures do schools have in place already? How are all issues to do with bullying and bias- based bullying being addressed? Action Against Bullying can help improve on current procedures/measures through: - Training modules (purchased online); - Training sessions in school, deepens knowledge & understanding; - Book.