2. Chapter XI AMERICAN ENGLISH 1. A brief historical background of American English 2. Characteristics of American English 3. Differences between British and American English

3. I guess you’re right. I suppose you’re right. I imagine I’ll do some work instead of going to the movies. I expect I’ll do some work instead of going to the cinema. It’s faster to go by plane than by boat. It’s quicker to go by air than by sea.

4. Growth of American English A. Before Independence B. From Independence to the Early Nineteenth Century C. From the early 19 th century to the present time

5. Characteristics of American English Creativeness Conservativeness Heterogeneity Uniformity Popularity of slang Use of big words Verbose and plain style in writing

6. Differences between British and American English Differences in pronunciation and intonation 1. Phonological differences(hot dog water) 2. Stress differences(‘address ad’dress) 3. Intonation differences(slower and flatter)

7. Differences in spelling Differences in grammar Differences in vocabulary

8. 1.words without counterpart or equivalent 2.Same words different meanings 3.Common ideas, different words

9. CONCLUSION The differences between British and American English are chiefly reflected in pronunciation, grammar, vocabulary and spelling.Give five examples for each respect to illustrate the differences.