1. Data and Information Unit 16 Information Systems HN Computing

2. Bill Gates (2001) “ I think people still underestimate in the decade ahead how much digital approaches will change the way they work and the way they live”

3. Information and data Data may be defined as the raw facts that can be collected from either external sources, or from internal sources Information is data that has been processed and communicated to the user in such a manner as to be meaningful and usable Processing means the conversion of data into processed data or information

4. Data and Information Input Process Output Raw Data Information

5. Example Data Emp’ees Name Hours Worked NI No Processing Compute gross pay,etc - convert data into processed data Communication Send payslip to users Information Payslip - meaningful and usable by employee Information becoming data at a higher, management level Create Payroll Report All Emp’ee data Send to Accountant Report, meaningful & usable by Accountant

6. Data incur costs, information -which is properly communicated and acted upon – can create value.

7. Data Characteristics facts obtained reading observation counting measuring etc

8. Functions Performed by Information Reduction of uncertainty Aid to monitoring and control A means of communication A memory supplement An aid to simplification

9. Creating Information – Data Processes Classification Rearranging/sorting Aggregating Performing calculations Selection

10. Activity 1.1

11. Value of information Tangible Value – a value or benefit that can be measured directly, usually in monetary terms Value of information – cost of gathering information

12. Intangible Value – a value or benefit that is difficult or impossible to quantify Improvements in decision behaviour – cost of gathering information

13. Activity 1.2