1. Copyright © 2008 Delmar Learning. All rights reserved. Unit 41 Musculoskeletal System

2. Copyright © 2008 Delmar Learning. All rights reserved. Objectives Spell and define terms. Describe the location and functions of the musculoskeletal system. Describe some common conditions of the musculoskeletal system.

3. Copyright © 2008 Delmar Learning. All rights reserved. Objectives Describe the nursing assistant actions related to the care of patients with conditions and diseases of the musculoskeletal system. List seven specific diagnostic tests for musculoskeletal conditions.

4. Copyright © 2008 Delmar Learning. All rights reserved. The Musculoskeletal System Skeleton –Bony frame of the body Muscles –Tissues made up of contractile fibers or cells that produce movement –Together, the skeleton and muscles are termed the musculoskeletal system

5. Copyright © 2008 Delmar Learning. All rights reserved. Review the parts of the human skeleton Structure and Function

6. Copyright © 2008 Delmar Learning. All rights reserved. Review the major muscles of the body Structure and Function

7. Copyright © 2008 Delmar Learning. All rights reserved. Common Conditions Many conditions can affect the bones, muscles, tendons, ligaments, and joints Often, when one of these structures is diseased or injured: –Surrounding tissues are also involved

8. Copyright © 2008 Delmar Learning. All rights reserved. Range of Motion Patients who have been ill or confined to bed are not as active as usual –Their joints may not move through the normal range of motion daily Atrophy –Weakness and muscle wasting from lack of use

9. Copyright © 2008 Delmar Learning. All rights reserved. Range of Motion Over time –Muscles become rigid –Joints do not move as freely as they once did –Joint movement may be painful because the muscles have shortened from lack of use

10. Copyright © 2008 Delmar Learning. All rights reserved. Range of Motion When the joint moves –Muscles stretch This causes discomfort or pain –As a result the patient may move even less