1. Demonstrative Pronouns for Locations Terms for Relative Location Indicating Starting and Ending Point The Question Word dochira Japanese 1100-L05a-07-05-20121 Class Session 5a Chapter 3

2. Japanese 1100-L05a-07-05-20122 Demonstrative Pronouns for Locations Answers to questions using doko, may use the demonstrative pronouns koko, soko, asoko: koko herein the speaker’s domain (proximal) sokothere in the listener’s domain (medial) asoko(over) thereoutside domain of both speaker and listener (distal) Examples: watashi no megani wa doko desu ka.soko desu. Where are my glasses.There (they are). ginkō wa doko desu ka.asoko desu. Where is the bank?It is over there.

3. Japanese 1100-L05a-07-05-20123 Terms for Relative Location When a question with doko (where?) cannot be answered by koko, soko, or asoko you can use one of the following terms to more specifically identify a location: maefronthidarileft higashieast ushirobehindmigiright nishiwest ueaboveyokoside minamisouth shitabelowaidabetween.. and.. kitanorth nakainsidetonarinext to chikakuvicinity, near These expressions are used as follows: reference item + no + location word ginkō no mae niin front of the bank tsukue no migi nion the right of the desk aida (between) requires two reference items ginkō to tosohan no aida nibetween the bank and the library

4. Japanese 1100-L05a-07-05-20124 The particles kara (from) and made (up to) specify the starting point and the ending point for things such as location, time, and diversity. Examples: uchi kara gakkō madefrom home to school tōkyō kara ōsaka madefrom Tokyo to Osaka 2-ji kara 3-ji madefrom 2 o’clock to 3 o’clock 23-pēji kara 35-pēji madefrom page 23 to page 35 kodomo kara otona made(anyone) from children to adult tabemono kara kagu made(anything ranging) from food to furniture Indicating Starting and Ending Point

5. Japanese 1100-L05a-07-05-20125 The Question Word dochira In a polite context, doko is replaced by dochira, which means which way, which place, but can also mean where in some context. Examples: yamada sensei wa dochira desu ka.Where is professor Yamada? sumisu-san wa dochira kara desu ka. 1 Mr. Smith, where are you from? igirisu kara desu.I am from England. ---------------------------------------------- 1 More specifically (and politely) you could ask: go-shusshin wa dochira desu ka. go is an honorific particle; shusshin means a person's origin (town, city, country, etc.) or the institution from which one graduated.