1. Ram is a volatile memory meaning that it can only store its contents as long as its power source is constantly maintained. SDRAM: Dynamic RAM - Inexpensive -Stores a large number of bits in a small amount of physical space - Slowest type of RAM (because of the storage method SDRAM: Synchronous DRAM - Synchronizes to the clock cycles -Increased speed SDR – single data rate – data is pushed or pulled from the bus once per cycle. DDR – double data rate – data is pushed or pulled from the bus twice per cycle.

2. SRAM – The primary difference between SRAM and DRAM is that SRAM doesn’t require the constant refreshing required of DRAM. SRAM is only refreshed when data is written to it. SRAM is faster than DRAM SRAM is more expensive than DRAM

3. Rom is a non-volatile memory meaning that it retains its contents without a power source. ROM is used for storing the computer startup instructions and the system basic input/output system (BIOS)

4. The process of optimizing RAM storage by borrowing hard drive space Blocks of memory located on or near the CPU chip. Used for holding data that has been recently used or is frequently used. The CPU can retrieve these instructions quicker than RAM

6. Software System Software : Software that helps run the computer. Operating System: a set of programs that runs or controls the computer hardware and acts as an interface with application programs and users. Provides a way for the user to interact with the computer Manages the processor Manages the memory and storage Manages the computer system’s hardware and peripherals Provides a consistent means for software applications to work with the CPU

7. O/SAdvantagesDisadvantages MAC – Mountain LionSuperior Graphics Less prone to virus Cost Compatibility WindowsCompatibility User Friendly Prone to virus Graphics LINUXOpen SourceCompatibility UNIXUse on mainframe and servers Not user friendly

8. Utility Programs Small applications that perform special functions: Such as: disk defragmenter, file compression, or even screen savers These are built into your operating system

9. What do they do?: File Compression: Look for repeated patterns of letters and replace these patterns with a shorter placeholder. Disk Cleanup: Cleans unnecessary files from your hard drive. Disk Defragmenter: Regroups related pieces of files on the hard drive.