1. Respiratory System 9
Lesson 9.1: Functions & Anatomy Lesson 9.2: Mechanics & Control Lesson 9.3: Disorders & Diseases

2. Respiratory System Functions and Anatomy
Chapter 9: The Respiratory System
Lesson 9.1
Respiratory System Functions and Anatomy

3. Anatomy of the Respiratory System
Nose
Nasal
cavity
Pharynx
Larynx
Trachea
Bronchi
Lungs

4. Anatomy of the Respiratory System

5. Anatomy of the Respiratory System
Nose
Nares
Nasal Cavity
Conchae
Palate
Sinuses

6. Anatomy of the Respiratory System
Pharynx
Tonsils
Larynx
Epiglottis
Trachea
C rings

7. Anatomy of the Respiratory System
Bronchi
Primary bronchi
Bronchioles
Alveoli
Surfactant
Pores of Kohn
Alveolar capillary membrane

8. Anatomy of the Respiratory System
Lungs
Mediastinum cavity
Apex
Pleural Sac
Parietal pleura
Visceral pleura

9. The Upper Respiratory Tract

10. Respiration: Mechanics and Control
Chapter 9: The Respiratory System
Lesson 9.2
Respiration: Mechanics and Control

11. Respiration: Mechanics and Control
Non-respiratory air maneuvers
Control of breathing
Lung volume

12. Respiration Aka: breathing
Air always moves from a higher pressure area to a lower pressure area
Four key tasks involved in respiration:
Pulmonary ventilation
External respiration
Respiratory gas transport
Internal respiration

13. Respiration Boyle’s Law
As the volume of a gas increases, the pressure of the gas decreases

14. Respiration Inspiration (Inhalation) Expiration (Exhalation)
Diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract
Thoracic cavity expands
Expiration (Exhalation)
Diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax
Thoracic cavity shrinks

15. Respiration

16. Nonrespiratory Air Maneuvers

17. Control of Breathing Neural Factors Chemical Factors
Pons and medulla oblongata
Chemical Factors
Central chemoreceptors
Peripheral chemoreceptors
Mechanoreceptors

18. Control of Breathing

19. Lung Volume Static Dynamic Air volume in lungs
Air volume in lungs based on time

20. Static Lung Volume Tidal volume Vital capacity Residual volume
Functional residual capacity
Inspiratory reserve volume
Expiratory reserve volume
Total lung capacity

22. Dynamic Lung Volume Forced expiratory volume in one second
Forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity

23. Respiratory Disorders and Diseases
Chapter 9: The Respiratory System
Lesson 9.3
Respiratory Disorders and Diseases

24. Respiratory Disorders and Diseases
Upper respiratory tract illnesses
Lower respiratory tract illnesses
Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases
Asthma
Lung cancer

25. Upper Respiratory Tract Illnesses

26. Upper Respiratory Tract Illnesses
Avoiding URIs
Cover when sneezing and coughing
Wash hands
Don’t touch hands to eyes, nose, mouth
Influenza
Vaccine

27. Lower Respiratory Tract Illnesses
Acute Bronchitis
Inflammation
Pneumonia
Infection
Tuberculosis

28. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases
Causes
Smoking
Living with COPD
Stop smoking
Purse-lipped breathing

29. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases
Emphysema
Decreased lung surface area
Pink puffers
Chronic bronchitis
Inflammation obstructs airways
Blue bloaters

30. Asthma Asthma Attack Inflamed and narrowed airways Bronchospasms
Caused by allergens or irritants
Treatment relaxes muscles to expand airways

31. Lung Cancer More deaths from lung cancer than other cancers
Non-small cell lung cancer
More common lung cancer
Small cell lung cancer
Less common lung cancer