1. Public Engagement: What is the value of the dis- interested citizen? Robert Evans QUALITI and Centre for the Study of Knowledge Expertise and Science Cardiff University http://www.cardiff.ac.uk/socsi/expertise

2. Deficit Model and Social Science ‘If there is not a gap between what scientists and members of the general public know about science then something is very wrong … Scientists and lay people are not on the same footing where scientific information is concerned, and knowledge, hard won by hours of research, and tried and tested over the years and decades, deserves respect.’ Steve Miller (2001) ’Public Understanding of Science at the Crossroads’, Public Understanding of Science, Vol 10 pp 115-120

4. Periodic Table of Expertises Collins and Evans (2007) Rethinking Expertise

5. Folk Sociology in Action Sellafield is has not been open in the past ‘It still doesn’t give anyone any confidence, the fact that they haven’t released all the documents from Sellafield in 1957. I talk to people every week – they say this hasn’t come from Russia! People say to me every week, ‘Still restricted eh – that didn’t come from Russia lad! Not with that lot [Sellafield] on your doorstep. Wynne (1996) p. 33

6. Pockets of specialist knowledge ‘If we are up on the [tops of the fells] on a winter’s day you see the tops of the cooling towers, the steam rises up and hits the fells just below the tops. It might just be sheer coincidence, but where the [radiation] hot spots are is just where that cloud of steam hits – anyone can see it if they look. You don’t need to be a scientist or very articulate…’ Wynne (1996) p. 33

7. Expertise, Experience and Engagement Different kinds of research decisions –Some decisions need to be taken by experts –Some decisions need to be taken about experts Experience varies and is therefore important –Not everyone can be an expert in everything –Scientists are not the only experts Deliberation and dialogue risk social science –Research can be ‘about’, ‘with’ or ‘for’ publics –Danger that deliberation substitutes for social science in policy –Social science should inform public debate but not determine it

8. Dialogue, Deliberation and Engagement All becoming increasingly popular but… –Do they blur different roles and expertises –Do they weight different kinds of experiences (including lack of experience) appropriately When should science (social or natural) defer to public opinion and vice versa? More information at: –http://www.cardiff.ac.uk/socsi/expertise/http://www.cardiff.ac.uk/socsi/expertise/