1. Freedom and Determinism Libertarianism: Part 1

2. The Incompatibility Argument 1)Determinism is true. 2)If (1), then the Freedom Principle is false. 3)[So] The Free Will Principle is false.

3. The Incompatibility Argument Hard Determinism: The Freedom Principle is false. Soft Determinism: Determinism is compatible with the Freedom Principle. Libertarianism: Determinism is false.

4. Libertarianism T hou Great First Cause, least understood! Who all my sense confined To know but this, that thou art good, And that myself am blind; Yet gave me in this dark estate, To see the good from ill: And binding nature fast in fate, Left free the human will. Pope, “The Universal Prayer”

5. Simple Libertarianism An event is undetermined iff the past, together with the laws of nature, does not determine whether or not it will occur. Simple Libertarianism: (i) There are some undetermined events and (ii) an action is free iff it is undetermined. Objection: The randomness worry

6. Volitional Libertarianism Volitional Libertarianism: (i) There are some undetermined events and (ii) an action is free iff it is an undetermined choice (or caused by an undetermined choice). Objection: The revised randomness worry