1. 1 How to make agricultural research anti-poverty (pro-poor) Panel Discussion Notes: European Forum for Agriculture and Rural Development meeting: Paris-Montpelier 4 th – 7 th September 2002 Romano. M. Kiome (Dr) Director – Kenya Agricultural Research Institute P.O. Box 57811, Nairobi

2. 2 Key attributes : Where is poverty and who are currently poor in Africa  Rural population (over 50 %)  Peri-Urban population (aprox. 30 %)  Female headed households (about 80%)  Large households (over 6 members/hh)  Low level of education (less than 11 years of school education  Mainly young (less than 21 years) and older (more than 55 years) generation

3. 3 Key Attributes: Causes of poverty  Illiteracy and ignorance  Deprivation  Exploitation  Poor access to technology and innovations  Low access to markets  Bad governance

4. 4 Tool: Anti-poverty Agricultural research Approaches  POVERTY MAPPING  to determine where and who are the poor  to determine magnitude and causes of poverty  to assist in targeting research on causes of poverty  to determine the research agenda  Build poverty factors into research agenda ((e.g. KARI’s adaptive research/Agricultural Technology and Information Response Initiative (ATIRI))

5. 5 Government policies and donor cooperation strategies AR supposed to be responsive to PES and PRSPAR supposed to be responsive to PES and PRSP Donors demanding participatory, demand/client driven researchDonors demanding participatory, demand/client driven research Donors demanding impact oriented prioritized researchDonors demanding impact oriented prioritized research Response of NARs variableResponse of NARs variable

6. 6 Policies applied by Governments and donors Part of civil service reformsPart of civil service reforms Participation in PES, RDS, Preps,Participation in PES, RDS, Preps, Part of CAS conditionalitiesPart of CAS conditionalities Regional perspectivesRegional perspectives Market orientationMarket orientation

7. 7 Best practices Poverty targeting research programmesPoverty targeting research programmes Partnerships (IARs-ARI’s-NARS-Partnerships (IARs-ARI’s-NARS- Linkages (AR-AES)Linkages (AR-AES) Farmers participationFarmers participation Market orientationMarket orientation

8. 8 Knowledge gaps Application of cutting edge science (biotech, IT, bioinformatics) in ARDApplication of cutting edge science (biotech, IT, bioinformatics) in ARD Application of indigenous knowledgeApplication of indigenous knowledge Copping/managing impacts of climate changeCopping/managing impacts of climate change Exploiting/exploring market nichesExploiting/exploring market niches

9. 9 Suggestions for EC Long-term support strategyLong-term support strategy Involvement in formulation/management processInvolvement in formulation/management process Linking research to development supportLinking research to development support Expediency in formulationExpediency in formulation Building local capacityBuilding local capacity

10. 10 MoARD, NGOs CBOs, Private Sector CBOs Farmers Research Systems FLOW OF DEMANDS AND RESPONSES Demands recieved Farmers CBOs, NGOs demands Demands Responses Response Demands from farmers and intermediaries received by ARD services providers Responses by ARD provided to intermediaries and farmers