1. CHAPTER 5 Technology, Digital Media, and Curriculum Integration

2. Chapter Objectives Name and define the elements of digital media Define and explain curriculum standards and learning benchmarks Explain technology integration, also called curriculum integration Describe the use of computers in computer labs and media centers versus classroom instruction Identify ways in which technology can positively influence learning Identify ways to plan for technology integration Explain various planning tools and instructional models Describe the steps of the ASSURE Model Identify ways to get started using technology at a new school Describe the use of learning centers and interactive whiteboard Chapter 5: Technology, Digital Media, and Curriculum Integration 2

3. What Is Digital Media Digital media is defined as those technologies that allow users to create new forms of interaction, expression, communication, and entertainment in a digital format Digital media software refers to any computer-based presentation or application software that uses multimedia elements Interactive digital media allows users to move through information at their own pace Chapter 5: Technology, Digital Media, and Curriculum Integration 3

4. What Is Digital Media With many digital media applications, you navigate through the content by clicking or tapping links such as; Text Graphics Animation Audio and video are common components of digital media Chapter 5: Technology, Digital Media, and Curriculum Integration 4

5. What Is Digital Media Chapter 5: Technology, Digital Media, and Curriculum Integration 5

6. Why Are Digital Media Applications Important for Education? Digital media applications (including apps for mobile devices) are changing the traditional dynamics of learning in classrooms Improve teaching and learning Highly effective teaching tools Appeals to a variety of learning styles Increased retention Students are motivated Chapter 5: Technology, Digital Media, and Curriculum Integration 6

7. Ten Strategies to Help You Manage Today’s Digital Students in Your 21 st Century Classroom. Effective Computer Scheduling — Break projects into well-defined tasks, not huge projects so students can use lab or computer time wisely. Use Project Management Techniques — Discuss with your students the amount of time their project will involve. Give points/grade for productive lab time. Storyboarding — Have your students create a visual plan before going to the computers. Effective Research Strategies — Assign searching and investigations as homework since this can erode valuable computer lab time. Utilize Student Experts — Train classmates to assist others on the computer(s).

8. Ten Strategies to Help You Manage Today’s Digital Students in Your 21 st Century Classroom. Ensure Student Participation — Assign individual and group projects so all types of knowledge are evaluated and all students participate. Maximize One-to-One Computing — Use e-books, iPods, Zunes, netbooks, tablets, smartphones, etc. Help Students — Use color flags or cups on the computers (green = I am okay, yellow = help needed, red = urgent matter). Handle Technical Questions — Have students ask two students their question before they can ask you. Visible Classroom Rules — Post a list of all your procedures and guidelines for technology use in a visible place.

9. What is Curriculum? The knowledge, skills, and performance standards students are expected to acquire in particular grade levels Plan or written document The Common Core State Standards Initiative is a national effort to create state standards that provide a well-defined, reliable framework to prepare students for their future endeavors. All states and districts are incorporating Performance Guides, also called Performance Standards, Expectations, or Indicators into their curriculum, which provide clear expectations for instruction, assessment, and student work

10. What is Curriculum? Curriculum Standards and Benchmarks Curriculum standard Defines what a student is expected to know at certain stages of education Benchmark Specific, measurable outcome Also called a learning objective or learning expectation State of Illinois Board of Education Learning Standards http://www.isbe.net/ils/default.htm http://www.isbe.net/ils/default.htm Chapter 5: Technology, Digital Media, and Curriculum Integration 10

11. What is Technology Integration? Combining of all technology parts, such as hardware and software, together with each subject-related area of curriculum to enhance learning Establish connections between subject matter and the real world A critical issue related to technology integration is technology should not drive the curriculum. Rather the curriculum,, should drive the technology that is, teachers should use the appropriate technologies to enhance learning at the appropriate times and to teach to the standards

12. What is Technology Integration? Classroom Integration versus Computer Labs and Media Centers Point of instruction Technology in the classroom at the teachers’ and students’ fingertips Teachable moments Computer labs A designated classroom filled with computers Teachers schedule time to use the labs for many purposes

13. Integrating Technology into the Curriculum First, you must consider what the standards and related learning objectives are Then you must identify an appropriate technology tool that will help you accomplish your instructional goals. Technology can motivate students and increase class attendance Develop innovative ways to teach a diverse population of learners with different learning styles Chapter 5: Technology, Digital Media, and Curriculum Integration 13

14. Changing Instructional Strategies Teachers are shifting from being the dispenser of knowledge to being the facilitator of learning Students can accomplish learning with the teachers’ assistance Learning is not just storage of knowledge, but includes problem solving Welliver’s Instructional Transformation Model Familiarization — Teachers become aware of technology and its potential uses. Utilization — Teachers use technology but minor problems will cause them to discontinue its use. Integration — Technology becomes essential for the educational process and teachers are constantly thinking of ways to use technology in their classrooms. Reorientation — Teachers begin to rethink the educational goals of the classroom with the use of technology. Revolution — The evolving classroom becomes completely integrated with technology in all subject areas. Technology becomes an invisible tool that is seamlessly woven into the teaching and learning process. Chapter 5: Technology, Digital Media, and Curriculum Integration 14

15. Barriers to Technology Integration Lack of teacher training Security constraints Lack of administration support Limited time for teacher planning Placement of computers in remote locations Budget constraints Lack of high-speed school networks Basic resistance to change Chapter 5: Technology, Digital Media, and Curriculum Integration 15

16. Technology Integration and the Learning Process The Learning Process Authentic learning Instructional activities that demonstrate real-life connections by associating the concept being taught with a real-life experience or event Participatory learning Students become engaged in inquiring, investigating, reflecting, solving problems, and formulating and answering questions Anchored instruction Providing a knowledge base on which students can build Problem-based instruction Students use the background (anchor) information to solve complex problems Discovery learning Inquiry-based method for teaching and learning

17. Technology Integration and the Learning Process Numerous technology tools to support many types of instruction and learning; Applications that provide working visual models allow students to see and experience clearly things they could never experience by only reading a textbook. Applications such as these also allow students to build a cognitive scaffold, which is a mental bridge for building an understanding of complicated concepts The Web Educational equalizer Allows children to experience new educational opportunities Interaction with others outside of the school

18. Technology Integration and the Learning Process Numerous technology tools to support many types of instruction and learning; Cooperative learning Students work in groups to achieve related learning objectives Higher-order thinking skills Cooperative classroom Higher order thinking skills are the abilities to solve problems, engage in critical thinking, and interpret and solve complex issues

19. Strategies for Teaching with Technology Best strategy is to put the technology in the hands of trained teachers Provide consistent application of technology tools to support instructional curriculum area Careful planning Chapter 5: Technology, Digital Media, and Curriculum Integration 19

20. The Role of the School District Technology plan Outline of procedure for purchasing and maintaining equipment and software Training Plans often reviewed every couple of years Mentorship program Teaming new teachers with experienced teachers Chapter 5: Technology, Digital Media, and Curriculum Integration 20

21. Planning for Technology Integration in the Classroom Decide on most appropriate technology to achieve desired learner outcomes Preparing the classroom environment Chapter 5: Technology, Digital Media, and Curriculum Integration 21

22. Planning for Technology Integration in the Classroom One-Computer Classroom Maximize effectiveness of one computer Record keeping Projection screens Interactive whiteboard Used to introduce topics before taking students to a computer lab Chapter 5: Technology, Digital Media, and Curriculum Integration 22

23. Planning for Technology Integration in the Classroom Two-Computer Classroom Develop a strategy to manage both computers Many questions determine strategy Will both computers have the same hardware, software, and network access? Will one or both computers be connected to the Web? Will students rotate through using one or both computers on a daily basis? How much time will each student be allowed on each computer? Is it better to have the students work together on projects? How are you going to observe your students using the Internet? How will you evaluate student learning? Chapter 5: Technology, Digital Media, and Curriculum Integration 23

24. Planning for Technology Integration in the Classroom More Than Two Computers Arrange classroom into learning centers Use planning criteria mentioned previously Chapter 5: Technology, Digital Media, and Curriculum Integration 24

25. Planning for Technology Integration in the Classroom Using a Computer Lab and the Media Center Advantages One computer per student Hands-on Tutorials Remediation Cooperative learning Computer skill instruction Digital production projects Internet research Whole class instruction Integrated learning systems (ILS) Chapter 5: Technology, Digital Media, and Curriculum Integration 25

26. Planning for Technology Integration in the Classroom Using a Computer Lab and the Media Center Strategies for computer lab or media center use Work with the computer lab or the media center teacher; you will need his or her help and expertise. Teach the lesson yourself or encourage the curriculum resource teacher to teach with you. Set up clear lab management rules. Provide well-thought-out lessons, with clear instructions. Make sure to use the available software, Internet, and other technologies to support your curriculum and follow your school’s Acceptable Use Policies (AUP). Always, always have a backup plan for unexpected technology problems. Alternate between whole-group, small-group, and individual instruction and assignments. Chapter 5: Technology, Digital Media, and Curriculum Integration 26

27. Planning for Technology Integration in the Classroom Using A Wireless Mobile Lab Portable cart with wireless notebook computers Can be transported from one classroom to another

28. Planning Lessons with Technology Must consider skill levels of students Skill assessment survey KWL Charts Instructional planning chart to assist teachers in identifying student understanding of curriculum standards and related objectives What students Know What students Want to know What they will Learn Chapter 5: Technology, Digital Media, and Curriculum Integration 28

29. Instructional Models A systematic guide for planning instruction or a lesson The ASSURE Model Guide for planning and delivering instruction that integrates technologies and media into the teaching process Analyze the Learner Who are the learners? What are their skill levels? What are their learning styles? State Objectives What do you want the learners to gain knowledge of? What are the specific learner outcomes? Chapter 5: Technology, Digital Media, and Curriculum Integration 29

30. Instructional Models The ASSURE Model Select Methods, Media, and Materials What methods of instruction will you use? Which media are appropriate? Which materials will you need? Utilize Methods, Media, and Materials How will you use the methods and media? How will you use the materials? What is your instructional strategy? Chapter 5: Technology, Digital Media, and Curriculum Integration 30

31. Instructional Models The ASSURE Model Require Learner Participation What will the learners be required to do? How will the learners engage in participatory learning? Evaluate and Revise Did the lesson meet the objectives? How will you evaluate content and technologies used? How will you revise and improve? Chapter 5: Technology, Digital Media, and Curriculum Integration 31

32. Instructional Models Critical Questions to Ask During the Evaluate and Revise Phase of the ASSURE Model Did students learn what you wanted them to learn? Can students demonstrate understanding of the content? Was the chosen technology effective in achieving the learning objectives? Were the learning objectives met using the technology? Would these learning objectives be better taught without technology or with another technology? Should learning objectives be taught in a different format? Can students work cooperatively with a partner on this lesson? Would parts of the content be better understood if students worked individually? What would you change? What would you keep the same? How will you revise this lesson? Chapter 5: Technology, Digital Media, and Curriculum Integration 32

33. Creating and Integrating Digital Media Presentations Many options are available for you and your students to use digital media authoring software and to present digital media presentations Digital media authoring software, also called multimedia authoring software, lets you create the application or presentation by controlling the placement of text and graphics and the duration of sounds, video, and animations Microsoft PowerPoint Apple Keynote iLife Data projectors Most new schools and retrofitted schools include installed digital data projectors in the ceilings of their classrooms, labs, and media centers Chapter 5: Technology, Digital Media, and Curriculum Integration 33

34. Creating and Integrating Digital Media Presentations Interactive whiteboards A popular teaching tool with educators is the interactive whiteboard (IWB), also called an electronic whiteboard, which turns a computer and data projector into a powerful tool for teaching and learning SMART Board Student interaction Provide opportunities for student interaction with these technologies on a regular basis IWB software Chapter 5: Technology, Digital Media, and Curriculum Integration 34

35. Getting Started at a New School Information About Technology Find out who else in the school uses technology Determine if there is a technology committee Teacher’s manual Determine where to get technology support Technology Training Does the school offer professional development or in-service training Talk to your principal, curriculum resource teacher, other teachers, or district technology coordinato Chapter 5: Technology, Digital Media, and Curriculum Integration 35

36. Getting Started at a New School Hardware Determine how to obtain additional hardware or upgrades Join the technology committee Educational grants Software Determine what type of software is available Check the classroom to see what is already installed Special education requirements Procedure for obtaining additional software Is a state bid list available? Chapter 5: Technology, Digital Media, and Curriculum Integration 36

37. Getting Started at a New School Other Technologies Media specialist can provide access to other technologies Find a list of materials in use throughout the district Technology Supplies Determine procedure for obtaining additional supplies and parts Chapter 5: Technology, Digital Media, and Curriculum Integration 37