1. W. Smith, U. Wisconsin, LHC Electronics Conference, October 1, 2003 CMS Calorimeter Regional Trigger - 1 Full Crate Test of the CMS Regional Calorimeter Trigger W. H. Smith, P. Chumney, S. Dasu, T. Gorski, M. Grothe, M. Jaworski, J. Lackey, P. Robl, Physics Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA 9th Workshop on Electronics for LHC Experiments October 1, 2003 The pdf file of this talk is available at: http://cmsdoc.cern.ch/cms/TRIDAS/tr/0309/ LECC03talk-wsmith.pdf See also CMS Level 1 Trigger Home page at http://cmsdoc.cern.ch/ftp/afscms/TRIDAS/html/level1.html

2. W. Smith, U. Wisconsin, LHC Electronics Conference, October 1, 2003 CMS Calorimeter Regional Trigger - 2 Detector Frontend Computing Services Readout Systems Filter Systems Event Manager Builder Networks Level-1 Trigger Run Control Trigger & DAQ Systems Level-1 Trigger Requirements: Input: 10 9 events/sec at 40 MHz at full L = 10 34 Output: 100 kHz (50 kHz for initial running) Latency: 3  sec for collection, decision, propagation

3. W. Smith, U. Wisconsin, LHC Electronics Conference, October 1, 2003 CMS Calorimeter Regional Trigger - 3 Calorimeter Trigger Overview

4. W. Smith, U. Wisconsin, LHC Electronics Conference, October 1, 2003 CMS Calorimeter Regional Trigger - 4 Calorimeter Geometry EB, EE, HB, HE map to 18 RCT crates Provide e/  and jet,  E T triggers

5. W. Smith, U. Wisconsin, LHC Electronics Conference, October 1, 2003 CMS Calorimeter Regional Trigger - 5 Trigger Mapping

6. W. Smith, U. Wisconsin, LHC Electronics Conference, October 1, 2003 CMS Calorimeter Regional Trigger - 6 Calorimeter Trig. Algorithms Electron (Hit Tower + Max) 2-tower  E T + Hit tower H/E Hit tower 2x5-crystal strips >90% E T in 5x5 (Fine Grain) Isolated Electron (3x3 Tower) Quiet neighbors: all towers pass Fine Grain & H/E One group of 5 EM E T < Thr. Jet or  E T 12x12 trig. tower  E T sliding in 4x4 steps w/central 4x4 E T > others  : isolated narrow energy deposits Energy spread outside  veto pattern sets veto Jet    if all 9 4x4 region  vetoes off

7. W. Smith, U. Wisconsin, LHC Electronics Conference, October 1, 2003 CMS Calorimeter Regional Trigger - 7 Underground Counting Room Planned for March ‘05 Central row of racks for calorimeter trigger Connections via high-speed copper links to adjacent rows of ECAL & HCAL readout racks with trigger primitive circuitry Readout racks connected via optical fiber through “tunnels” to detector (~90m fiber lengths) Rows of Racks containing trigger & readout electronics Cal. Regional Trigger Location 7m thick shielding wall

8. W. Smith, U. Wisconsin, LHC Electronics Conference, October 1, 2003 CMS Calorimeter Regional Trigger - 8 160 MHz point to point backplane 160 MHz Cards: 18 Clock&Control,126 Electron ID & Receiver Cards, 18 Jet/Summary Cards -- All Validated and in or ready for production Use 5 Custom Gate-Array 160 MHz GaAs Vitesse Digital ASICs Phase, Adder, Boundary Scan, Electron Isolation, Sort (manufactured) Regional Calorimeter Trigger - U. Wisconsin Spares not included* Data from calorimeter FE on Cu links @ 1.2 Gbaud Into 126* rear Receiver CardsInto 126* rear Receiver Cards Prototype tested w/ ASICsPrototype tested w/ ASICs

9. W. Smith, U. Wisconsin, LHC Electronics Conference, October 1, 2003 CMS Calorimeter Regional Trigger - 9 Calorimeter Trigger Racks Cables from central RCT Rack go through floor to Global Calorimeter Trigger Rack

10. W. Smith, U. Wisconsin, LHC Electronics Conference, October 1, 2003 CMS Calorimeter Regional Trigger - 10 CMS Electronics Cavern http://cmsdoc.cern.ch/~wsmith/USC55_racks.html Designed to minimize Latency Critical Level-1 Trigger Components placed closest to cable tunnels Non-time-critical components placed away from critical paths Designed to ease installation Components of individual detectors grouped together Large Floor to ceiling spacing to ease cable layout Code: Red = critical path fibers to detectors Green = non-critical path fibers to detectors

11. W. Smith, U. Wisconsin, LHC Electronics Conference, October 1, 2003 CMS Calorimeter Regional Trigger - 11 Front Rear Std. VME Slots Second Generation Crate & Backplane 160 MHz with 0.4 Tbit/sec dataflow (point-to-point) Tests indicate good signal quality Designed to incorporate all algorithms Non-Isolated Electron, Tau & Jet Trigger primitives Most data paths checked manually and with JTAG, and with loop-back cables. VME Power Supply Custom Point-to-point Dataflow VME 48V externally supplied Custom Point-to-point Dataflow

12. W. Smith, U. Wisconsin, LHC Electronics Conference, October 1, 2003 CMS Calorimeter Regional Trigger - 12 Second Generation Clock & Control Card Fans out 160 MHz clock & adjusts phase to all boards Design validated - With small changes, layout and routing of production version completed - Ready for full production. DC-DC Converters Clock delay adjust

13. W. Smith, U. Wisconsin, LHC Electronics Conference, October 1, 2003 CMS Calorimeter Regional Trigger - 13 Backplane & Clock Card Testing  160 MHz TTL clock with data into 200 MHz Memories (2 ns scale)

14. W. Smith, U. Wisconsin, LHC Electronics Conference, October 1, 2003 CMS Calorimeter Regional Trigger - 14 Receiver Card 32 Channels = 4 Ch. x 8 mezzanine cards 1.2 GBaud copper receivers 18 bit (2x9) data + 5 bit error Vitesse 4-ch deserializer sends 120 MHz TTL to front Phase ASIC Phase ASIC: Deskew,Mux @ 160MHz Error bit for each 4x4, Test Vectors Memory LUT @ 160 MHz Adder ASIC: 8 inputs @ 160 MHz in 25 ns. BSCAN ASIC: Provides Board BSCAN & Diff. Output@160 MHz to backplane

15. W. Smith, U. Wisconsin, LHC Electronics Conference, October 1, 2003 CMS Calorimeter Regional Trigger - 15 Second Generation Receiver Card Top side with 1 of 8 mezzanine cards & 2 of 3 Adder ASICs DC-DC Adder mezz link cards BSCAN ASICs PHASE ASICs MLUs Bottom side with all Phase & Boundary Scan ASICs Full featured board & Phase, Boundary Scan & Adder ASICS fully validated. Production Started (ASIC production finished). Eight Boards built and tested in full crate test. Full quantity of mezzanine link cards (1422) are manufactured.

16. W. Smith, U. Wisconsin, LHC Electronics Conference, October 1, 2003 CMS Calorimeter Regional Trigger - 16 RCT 4 x 1.2 Gbaud Copper Link Cards & Serial Test Card Compact Mezzanine Cards for each Receiver Card accept 4 x 20 m 1.2-Gbaud copper pairs transmitting 2 cal. tower energies every 25 ns with low cost & power. Uses Vitesse Link Chips (7216-01). Final Serial Link Test Card (STC) Status: Already commissioned, cables, cards, 48V PS, and support software, delivered to CERN in March, operating in ECAL Electronics lab stably with no errors for months. Delivered to Princeton for HCAL tests in June and operating stably with no errors since. Two pairs in use @ UW for testing receiver mezzanine cards.

17. W. Smith, U. Wisconsin, LHC Electronics Conference, October 1, 2003 CMS Calorimeter Regional Trigger - 17 4 x 1.2 Gbaud Copper Link Testing Receiver mezzanine card: Test Transmit mezzanine card Serial Link Test Cards 20 m Cu Cable, VGA Connector Results: Bit Error rate < 10 -15

18. W. Smith, U. Wisconsin, LHC Electronics Conference, October 1, 2003 CMS Calorimeter Regional Trigger - 18 Electron Isolation & Jet/Sumary Cards Processes 4x8 region @ 160 MHz Bckpl. Recv. & Sort (if used) on ASIC Electron isolation on ASIC Lookup tables for ranking Takes Max in each 4x4 Summarizes full crate: Sorts 32 e's, 4x4 Et  top 4 e's, jets LUTs: Ex & Ey from Et for 4x4 area Adder tree for Et, Ex and Ey sums Quiet/MinI bits for each 4x4 region Sends top 4 central forward & tau jets (12 total) Reads in HF data directly for inclusion in output

19. W. Smith, U. Wisconsin, LHC Electronics Conference, October 1, 2003 CMS Calorimeter Regional Trigger - 19 Second Generation Electron Isolation Card Full featured final prototype board is fully validated - production underway 8 boards made and tested as part of full crate test. Electron ID & Sort ASICs validated and production complete SORT ASICs EISO

20. W. Smith, U. Wisconsin, LHC Electronics Conference, October 1, 2003 CMS Calorimeter Regional Trigger - 20 Jet/Summary Card Full function prototype manufactured and tested. Uses SORT ASICs to find top four e/ , threshold for muon bits, both to GCT Region energies to GCT Absorbs HF functionality with Rec. Mezz. Card, HF sent to GCT. Integration test with GCT Done - Change in termination - Production to start shortly Receiver Mezz. Card Sort ASICs Cables To GCT Backplane: Two e/  per region. Region E T Sums BSCAN ASICs BSCAN ASICs Phase ASIC

21. W. Smith, U. Wisconsin, LHC Electronics Conference, October 1, 2003 CMS Calorimeter Regional Trigger - 21 First Full RCT Crate 18 Such Crates make up the full RCT System covering |  |<5 & 0 <  < 2 . Rear: Receiver CardsFront: Electron, Jet, Clock Cards

22. W. Smith, U. Wisconsin, LHC Electronics Conference, October 1, 2003 CMS Calorimeter Regional Trigger - 22 Full Crate Test Program Receiver Card (7/crate, production ~150) Cycle memory at speed - all paths beyond Phase ASIC exercised JTAG to test some circuits in detail A fraction of inputs (4 - 8) from STC transmitters Covers full data path Electron Isolation Card (7/crate, production ~150) Input by cycling RC memories Multiple cards (corner data by loop back cables) JTAG to test some circuits in detail Jet/Summary Card (1/crate, production~20) Input by cycling RC memories Full crate with RCs + EICs used Forward Calorimeter (HF) path test uses Serial Test Card transmitter Output to Jet Capture Card for testing (in design)

23. W. Smith, U. Wisconsin, LHC Electronics Conference, October 1, 2003 CMS Calorimeter Regional Trigger - 23 Testing Jet/Summary Card with Simulated Input Data Forward Calor- imeter (HF) path test using Serial Test Card trans- mitter

24. W. Smith, U. Wisconsin, LHC Electronics Conference, October 1, 2003 CMS Calorimeter Regional Trigger - 24 Integration and Chain Tests Integration Tests (2003) Serial Test Cards for input link tests 1 pair at CERN for ECAL integration since March. 1 pair at Princeton for HCAL integration since June Remaining pairs used for production testing of Receiver Mezzanine Cards and data sources for full crate tests. Pre-production Prototype Full Crate tests Global Calorimeter Trigger (Bristol group) integration at Madison in August is successful - Termination scheme finalized Integration Tests (2004) Augment above tests with additional electronics from ECAL, HCAL, & GCT groups as becomes available. Initiate detector tests in surface buildings

25. W. Smith, U. Wisconsin, LHC Electronics Conference, October 1, 2003 CMS Calorimeter Regional Trigger - 25 ConclusionsConclusions Full Crate Tests Completed All pre-production prototype boards built & validated All ASICs validated and production finished Serial Link production finished and testing started Clock/Control, Receiver, Electron Isolation, Jet/Summary Cards and Backplane starting production Integration tests w/ECAL,HCAL, GCT have started Goals for 2003/4: Complete system production More integration tests Conduct detailed system tests (software)