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Nuclear Chemistry. Nuclear Chemistry:10.12.15 (2 nd /3 rd ) Infinite Campus: Matter/Change and Atomic Structure Exam (38pts.) Objectives: Review Matter/Change.

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Presentation on theme: "Nuclear Chemistry. Nuclear Chemistry:10.12.15 (2 nd /3 rd ) Infinite Campus: Matter/Change and Atomic Structure Exam (38pts.) Objectives: Review Matter/Change."— Presentation transcript:

1 Nuclear Chemistry

2 Nuclear Chemistry:10.12.15 (2 nd /3 rd ) Infinite Campus: Matter/Change and Atomic Structure Exam (38pts.) Objectives: Review Matter/Change and Atomic Structure Exam I can identify and compare the forces within an atom. Students will be able to identify what radioisotopes are and why they undergo radioactivity. Homework: Band of Stability Graph

3 Nuclear Chemistry:10.12.15 (6 th ) Infinite Campus: Matter/Change and Atomic Structure Exam (38pts.) Objectives: Review Matter/Change and Atomic Structure Exam I can identify and compare the forces within an atom. Students will be able to identify what radioisotopes are and why they undergo radioactivity. Homework: Band of Stability Graph

4 Atomic Forces Electrostatic Forces : Forces between charged particles within an atom. -Types of Electrostatic Forces: Attractive forces: Example? Repulsive forces: Example? Nuclear Forces: Forces that holds the subatomic particles together in the nucleus of an atom. Example?

5 Atomic Forces Electrostatic Forces : Forces between charged particles within an atom. -Types of Electrostatic Forces: Attractive forces: Example? Repulsive forces: Example? Nuclear Forces: Forces that holds the subatomic particles together in the nucleus of an atom. Example?

6 Nuclear Chemistry:10.13.15 (2 nd /3 rd ) Due: Composition Notebook-end of class Objectives: Review Matter/Change and Atomic Structure Exam Students will be able to identify what radioisotopes are and why they undergo radioactivity. Homework: Graphing Skills: Half-Life Worksheet

7 Nuclear Chemistry:10.14.15 (2 nd /3 rd ) Due: Graphing Skills Worksheet: Radiometric Dating Objectives: I can identify what radioisotopes are and why they undergo radioactivity. I can demonstrate understanding of radioactive decay through graphing, modeling, and practice problems. Homework: M&Mium Lab

8 Band of Stability Graph: Analysis Use your band of stability graph to answer the following questions. Analysis Questions: 1. What is a radioisotope? 2. What subatomic particles determine if an atom is a radioisotope? 3. True or False: Most atoms have a stable nucleus if it has an equal number of protons and neutrons. Explain your answer using the band of stability graph. 4. Identify a radioisotope from your worksheet. Explain your answer using the band of stability graph.

9 Band of Stability Graph: Analysis Use your band of stability graph to answer the following questions. Analysis Questions: 1. What is a radioisotope? 2. What subatomic particles determine if an atom is a radioisotope? 3. True or False: Most atoms have a stable nucleus if it has an equal number of protons and neutrons. Explain your answer using the band of stability graph. 4. Identify a radioisotope from your worksheet. Explain your answer using the band of stability graph.

10 Nuclear Band of Stability

11 Matter/Change and Atomic Structure Exam 1.How did you study for this exam? 2. What concept(s) did you struggle with on this exam? 3. What is your goal for the next exam AND how will you ensure you reach this goal? 4. What can Ms. Leeper do to help you reach your goal?

12 Nuclear Chemistry:10.15.15 (2 nd /3 rd ) Due: Graphing Skills Worksheet: Radiometric Dating Objectives: I can identify what radioisotopes are and why they undergo radioactivity. I can demonstrate understanding of radioactive decay through graphing, modeling, and practice problems. Homework: M&Mium Lab

13 Bell Ringer: Band of Stability Graph 1. Using your band of stability graph, plot AND identify(using its isotopic symbol) an atom with a stable nucleus. Circle and label it 1 on your graph. 2. Using your band of stability graph, plot AND identify (using its isotopic symbol) an atom with an unstable nucleus. Circle and label it 2 on your graph.

14 Also called: radioactive decay; nuclear reactions A reaction that occurs within the nucleus of a radioisotope in order to stabilize it. Spontaneous Reactions Radioactivity

15 Reaction rates (speed of reactions) remain constant for radioisotopes despite changes in temperature, pressure, or addition of catalyst.

16 Radioactive Decay: Half-Life Half-Life: The time it takes for half of a radioisotope sample (parent isotope) to decay into a more stable isotope (daughter isotope). 1. If a sample initially has 40 radioisotopes (atoms), illustrate it undergoing a half-life. Its half-life is 20 years?

17 Radioactive Decay: Half-Life Half-Life: The time it takes for half of a radioisotope sample (parent isotope) to decay into a more stable isotope (daughter isotope).

18 Nuclear Chemistry:10.16.15 (2 nd /3 rd ) Due: Graphing Skills Worksheet: Radiometric Dating Nuclear Chemistry Study Guide Worksheet Objectives: I can identify what radioisotopes are and why they undergo radioactivity. I can demonstrate understanding of radioactive decay through graphing, modeling, and practice problems. Homework: M&Mium Lab-complete post-lab questions Radioactivity Article-Annotate and complete questions.

19 Radioactive Decay Graph Number of Half-LivesParent Isotope (grams) Daughter Isotope (grams) 0100,0000 150,000 225,00075,000 312,50087,500 46,25093,750 53,12596,875

20 M&Mium Decay Lab: Data Table Number of Half- Lives Total Time (seconds) # of M&Miums (parent isotope) Daughter Isotope (decayed) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

21 Radioactive Decay Graph astronomy.nmsu.edu

22 Radioactive Decay Lab Purpose: Simulate and graph the radioactive decay of an artificial radioisotope, M&Mium. Complete the pre-lab questions and hypothesis. thefoxisblack.com usd314.k12.ks.us

23 Radioactive Decay Lab Purpose: Simulate and graph the radioactive decay of an artificial radioisotope, M&Mium. *Homework: Graph data and answer post-lab questions. –Due Thursday thefoxisblack.com usd314.k12.ks.us

24 M&Mium Decay Lab: Data Table Number of Half- Lives Total Time (seconds) # of M&Miums (parent isotope) Daughter Isotope (decayed) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

25 Radioactive Decay Graph astronomy.nmsu.edu

26 Nuclear Chemistry:10.19.15 (2 nd /3 rd ) Infinite Campus: Radioactive Decay Article (12pts.) Nuclear Chemistry Bell Ringer (5pts.) Due: M&Mium Lab-complete post-lab questions Radioactivity Article-Annotate and complete questions. Objectives: I can identify what radioisotopes are and why they undergo radioactivity. I can demonstrate understanding of radioactive decay through graphing, modeling, and practice problems. Homework: Half-Life Worksheet

27 Nuclear Chemistry: Bell Ringer 1.What is a radioisotope? 2.What can scientist use to predict whether or not an isotope is a radioisotope? 3.a. What is radioactivity? b. What is another vocabulary word that means the same thing? 4. Explain half-life using parent and daughter isotope.

28 Nuclear Chemistry: Bell Ringer 1.What is a radioisotope? 2.What can scientist use to predict whether or not an isotope is a radioisotope? 3.a. What is radioactivity? b. What is another vocabulary word that means the same thing? 4. Explain half-life using parent and daughter isotope.

29 Radioactive Decay Graph Number of Half-LivesParent Isotope (grams) Daughter Isotope (grams) 0100,0000 150,000 225,00075,000 312,50087,500 46,25093,750 53,12596,875

30 Nuclear Chemistry:10.20.15 Due: Radioactivity Article-LATE M&Mium Lab Objectives: I can identify what radioisotopes are and why they undergo radioactivity. I can demonstrate understanding of radioactive decay through graphing, modeling, and practice problems. Homework: Half-Life Worksheet

31 Graphing Skills Worksheet Complete questions on the back of the worksheet.

32 Radioactive Decay Graph astronomy.nmsu.edu

33 Radioactive Decay Lab Purpose: Simulate and graph the radioactive decay of an artificial radioisotope, M&Mium. thefoxisblack.com usd314.k12.ks.us

34 Radioactive Decay Graph astronomy.nmsu.edu

35 Half-Life Practice Problems

36 Nuclear Chemistry:10.22.15 (2 nd /3 rd ) Due: Half-Life Worksheet (a.-e) M&Mium Lab Infinite Campus: Radioactivity Article (12pts.) Objectives: I can identify what radioisotopes are and why they undergo radioactivity. I can demonstrate understanding of radioactive decay through graphing, modeling, and practice problems. I can distinguish between nuclear reactions by the types of radiation produced.

37

38 Nuclear Chemistry:10.23.15 Objectives: Complete Radioactivity Quiz I can distinguish between nuclear reactions by the types of radiation produced.

39 Nuclear Chemistry:10.26.15 Objectives: I can distinguish between nuclear reactions by the types of radiation produced.

40 Nuclear Radiation: Bell Ringer 1.What is nuclear radiation? 2.What are the three main classes of nuclear radiation? 3.Which class of radiation would be influenced by a positive field. Explain how you know this. 4. At nuclear reactor sites, where nuclear reactions are used to produce electricity, what kind of material do you suppose is used to prevent nuclear radiation leaks into the environment.

41 Chemistry I-Block: 3.1215 Due: Radioactive Decay Lab Objectives: I can use the band of stability graph to understand what a radioisotope is and to classify atoms as radioisotopes. (Band of Stability Worksheet) I can demonstrate understanding of radioactive decay through graphing, modeling, and practice problems. I can distinguish between nuclear reactions by the types of radiation produced.

42 Nuclear Radiation Nuclear Radiation: Matter and large amounts of energy produced during a nuclear reaction. Three main types of nuclear radiation: 1.Alpha radiation (α ) 2.Beta radiation (β) 3.Gamma radiation (ϒ)

43 Nuclear Radiation paper wood concrete or lead Types of radiation can be classified by type of shielding. (alpha particle) (beta particle) (gamma particle)

44 Types of Nuclear Radiation Types of radiation can be classified by their charges.

45 Nuclear Chemistry:10.27.15 Infinite Campus: Nuclear Chemistry Quiz Objectives: I can distinguish between nuclear reactions by the types of radiation produced.

46 Nuclear Radiation Nuclear Radiation: Matter and large amounts of energy produced during a nuclear reaction. Three main types of nuclear radiation: 1.Alpha radiation (α ) 2.Beta radiation (β) 3.Gamma radiation (ϒ)

47 Alpha (α ) Reaction parent decays α + daughter isotope isotope particle (stable) (unstable) (He nucleus)

48 Beta (β) Reaction β particle change in mass number: change in atomic number:

49 Gamma (ϒ) Reaction parent decays α + daughter isotope + ϒ isotope particle (stable) (unstable) (He nucleus) +ϒ+ϒ change in mass number: change in atomic number:

50 Nuclear Chemistry:10.28.15 Objectives: I can distinguish between nuclear reactions by the types of radiation produced. Review Nuclear Chemistry Quiz Due Thursday: Nuclear Fission vs. Fusion Diagram Work on Nuclear Review

51 Nuclear Reactions

52 Polyatomic Ions Memorize Polyatomic Ions Quiz next Friday, Nov. 6th

53 Nuclear Chemistry:10.29.15 Objectives: Review Nuclear Chemistry Quiz I can classify and predict substances in a nuclear reaction. I can distinguish between nuclear fission and fusion.

54 Nuclear Chemistry Quiz

55 Nuclear Chemistry:10.30.15 Objectives: I can identify what radioisotopes are and why they undergo radioactivity. I can demonstrate understanding of radioactive decay through graphing, modeling, and practice problems. I can classify and predict substances in a nuclear reaction. I can distinguish between nuclear fission and fusion. Homework: Complete Nuclear Chemistry Review (due Mon.) Nuclear Chemistry ppts. and enrichment problems on my webpage.

56 Nuclear Chemistry Review

57 Nuclear Reaction Types: Review

58 Transmutation parent decays α + daughter isotope isotope particle (stable) (unstable) (He nucleus) Transmutation: An element is converted to a different element during a nuclear reaction. Example: Radium (Ra) transmutates into Radon (Rn)

59 Nuclear Fission Fission is the splitting of a heavy nucleus by bombarding it with neutrons. cikguwong.blogspot.com chm.bris.ac.uk

60 Nuclear Fission Application chm.bris.ac.ukenglish-online.at Generates electricity where only steam is released into the environment.

61 Nuclear Fission Problem Nuclear Waste: Spent fuel rods must be disposed of properly. (pg. 812 in text) On-site or off-site holding tanks called pools. coto2.wordpress.com

62 Nuclear Fusion Nuclear Fusion – Small radioisotope nuclei combine. mrbarlow.wordpress.com

63 Nuclear Fusion Produces immense amount of energy. Does not produce nuclear waste Applications? Not yet. Requires immense amount of energy. Example: sun (40,000,000 0 C) (room temp. : 25 o C; hottest temp. on Earth: 56.7 o C) scienceknowledge.org

64 Nuclear Energy Debate breakthrougheurope.org

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66 Nuclear Energy www.nukepills.com

67

68

69 Chernobyl,Ukraine Nuclear Disaster Effects

70 Fukushima, Japan Disaster Effects novinite.com guardian.co.uknucleaire11.wordpress.com uncannyterrain.com business.financialpost.com

71 Chemical Compounds Covalent Compounds Similarities Ionic Compounds

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