1. 4.1 Making change happen Gabriele Bammer

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3. 3 Big picture: Dynamic change environment Continuity and conservation require work Inbuilt inertia or resistance to change means once something exists it can be hard to get rid of Change does not necessarily lead to improvement Success is in the eye of the beholder The outcomes of any attempt to influence change are unpredictable

4. 4 Recognise diverse levels and forms of research impact 1.How 2.Kinds of change 3.Targets

5. 5 Recognising diverse levels and forms of research impact… 1. How How research can have impact InformingTriggeringDriving

6. 6 Informing change… 1.Communication 2.Advocacy 3.Engagement separate lecture

7. 7 Triggering change The research finding provides: - Essential missing piece - Breakthrough idea - Agenda setting

8. 8 Driving change… Helping act From that moment, those working in population- focused tobacco control in Australia did little else for the next two years than concentrate our efforts to ensure the announced bill would be passed.

9. 9 Driving change… Can include Helping prepare the ground - maintaining a media profile Being in it for the long haul Knowing where to target Effective framing…

10. 10 Driving change… Adapting to context Humans ‘make their own history, but they do not make it just as they please; they do not make it under circumstances chosen by themselves, but under circumstances directly encountered, given and transmitted from the past’ (Marx 1977 301, first published 1852)

11. 11 Recognising diverse levels and forms of research impact… 1. How How research can have impact InformingTriggeringDriving

12. 12 Exercise How does your case study try to make change happen?

13. 13 Recognising diverse levels and forms of research impact… 2. Kinds of change Kinds of change relevant for research impact Making change happen Responding to particular proposed or on-going change

14. 14 Making change happen Quest of on- going improvement Combatting practices or behaviours that have negative outcomes for individuals or society

15. 15 Responding to particular proposed or on-going change AdaptationMitigation Passive opposition Active opposition

16. 16 Kinds of change relevant for research impact Making change happen, by contributing to incremental or transformational... Quest of on-going improvement Combatting practices or behaviours that have negative outcomes for individuals or society Responding to particular proposed or on-going change, by contributing to incremental or transformational... AdaptationMitigationPassive oppositionActive opposition

17. 17 Exercise What kind(s) of change is your case study trying to make change happen?

18. 18 Recognising diverse levels and forms of research impact… 3. Targets Targets for research impact Government (policy or practice) Business (policy or practice) Civil society (policy or practice)

19. 19 Exercise What are the targets for your case study in trying to make change happen?

20. 20 Three structural challenges 1.managing opportunity costs 2.managing transaction costs 3.managing potential compromises to integrity

21. 21 Managing opportunity costs Individual: time, dedication, expertise Institutional: funding, recognition Research findings Research impact

22. 22 Managing transaction costs Both individuals and institutions can come under attack.

23. 23 Managing transaction costs… example

24. 24 Manage potential compromises to integrity Both individuals and institutions Crossing the line between impact and partisanship -Ignore evidence -Falsify evidence -Avoid critique -Need to belong vs independence -Etc…

25. 25 Exercise How do you manage: -Opportunity costs -Transaction costs -Potential compromises to integrity?

26. 26 Discussion about: Dynamic change environment Continuity and conservation require work Inbuilt inertia or resistance to change means once something exists it can be hard to get rid of Change does not necessarily lead to improvement Success is in the eye of the beholder The outcomes of any attempt to influence change are unpredictable