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Published byBrian Newton Modified over 8 years ago
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Do Now: Define intelligence 1
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Characteristics of intelligence 1. Ability to learn from experience 2. Solve problem 3. Use knowledge to adapt to new situations Intelligence is a concept not a tangible thing 2
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How is intelligence described? 3
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Practical problem solving Verbal skills Social competence 4
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Charles Spearman Used factor analysis: measures correlations between different items (shows how various abilities relate) General intelligence (g factor – single factor): common skill set that underlies all our intelligent behavior Claim: people who score high on one factor typically score higher than average on other factors (different abilities to come in same package – g factor) 5
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L.L. Thurstone Defined 8 mental abilities (word fluency, memory and reasoning) J.P. Guilford Over 100 different mental abilities 6
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Howard Gardner Multiple independent intelligences Evidence: Savant syndrome (Rain Man) Critics Difference between ability and intelligence 7
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Daniel Goleman Evidence of importance: Not all with highest IQ are successful, need both IQ and EQ Other evidence: Mischel’s marshmallow experiment 8
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Robert Sternberg 3 multiple intelligences definition of human intelligence is “(a) mental activity directed toward purposiveadaptation to, selection and shaping of, real-world environments relevant to one’s life”, which means that intelligence is how well an individual deals with environmental changes throughout their lifespan.mentaladaptationselection Sternberg’s theory comprises three parts: componential/analytic, experiential/creative, and practical. 9
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Stability v. Change Crystallized intelligence Definition: accumulated knowledge and verbal skills, increases up to old age Fluid intelligence Definition: one’s ability to reason quickly and abstractly; used when solving novel logic problems Decreases slowly to age 75 then sharply 10
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