1. Oceanography

2. How much of the Earth’s surface is water?

3. 71%

4. Name the oceans

5. Arctic Atlantic Indian Pacific

6. Which ocean is the largest?

7. Pacific

8. Which is the smallest?

9. Arctic

10. Which is the deepest ocean?

11. Pacific

12. What are seas?

13. Smaller than oceans and re partly surrounded by land or a chain of oceans

14. What are they also called?

15. Gulfs

16. What is a characteristic of an ocean?

17. Salinity – the saltiness

18. Where do the minerals come from?

19. Weathering from rocks on land

20. Is the salinity the same in all parts of the ocean?

21. No

22. Why not?

23. There is less in the colder regions because less evaporation and more fresh water melting

24. More in warmer climates because there is more evaporation of the water

25. What is water pressure?

26. The weight of the water pressing on an object

27. What happens as you go deeper?

28. There is more pressure because of more water on top of you

29. What is the continental shelf?

30. The shallow area around the edge of the continent that extends into the ocean

31. What is the Continental slope?

32. A steep drop in land that extends from the continental shelf to the bottom of the ocean

33. What is the Abyssal Plain?

34. The flattest part of the ocean floor.

35. What is a ridge?

36. An underwater mountain range

37. What is a rift?

38. A deep valley in the ocean floor

39. What are waves?

40. The up and down movement of surface water

41. What causes waves?

42. The wind

43. Why?

44. Because water moves more slowly than wind

45. Does water move forward very much?

46. No – it stays in relatively the same position

47. What are some other causes of waves?

48. Earthquakes, volcanoes, and extremely low air pressure

49. What is a tidal wave called?

50. Tsunami

51. How high can it get?

52. Over 100 feet

53. What is another problem during storms?

54. Storm surge

55. What is it?

56. The continual increase of the level of the high tide

57. What is a rogue wave?

58. It is a large wave coming in a different direction than the others

59. What are currents?

60. A stream of water that flows through the ocean like a river

61. What is special about this?

62. It moves water forward – sometimes long distances

63. What are the different kinds of currents?

64. Surface Shoreline rip

65. What are surface currents?

66. The flow of water across the surface of the ocean – usually caused by prevailing winds

67. How large can they be?

68. Hundred kilometers wide by hundreds of meters deep

69. How does this affect the world?

70. It brings cold water to warm areas and warm water to cold areas and impacts the climate

71. What are shoreline currents?

72. Local currents that run along the coast – these can change daily

73. What is a rip current?

74. A shoreline current that flows away from the beach

75. How does this happen?

76. The water finds the easiest way away from the beach and pulls through the sandbars producing a strong current

77. What is a longshore current?

78. The water strikes the beach at an angle and moves the water forward along the shore

79. What also causes the currents?

80. The rotation of the Earth and the differences in temperature

81. How does the temperature affect it?

82. Cold water sinks and warm water rises causes the water to change places

83. What is tides?

84. The repeated rise and fall of the level of the ocean

85. What is caused by?

86. Gravity of the moon

87. The End