1. AUTOTROPH
A plant capable of synthesizing its own food from simple organic substances

2. HETEROTROPH
An organism that depends on complex organic substances for nutrition
A heterotroph is like a human or other animal; they cannot produce their own food and must eat other organisms to live.

3. HETEROTROPH

4. PREDATOR Any animal that lives by preying on other animals
The bear is the predator and the fish is the prey.

5. PREY An animal hunted or caught for food
The cheetah is preying on the gazelle.

6. SYMBIOSIS
Describes a close relationship between two organisms from different species. It is sometimes, but not always, beneficial to both parties.
1. Commensalism
2. Parasitism
3. Mutualism

7. PARASITISM
One organism benefits from the relationship but at the expense of the other. The organism may live inside the other’s body or on its surface. In some of these parasitic relationships the host dies and in others, it is important that the host remain alive.

8. PARASITISM
Example: Fleas and mosquitoes feed on blood from other organisms.
In this type of parasitic relationship, the host needs to stay alive and it is not damaged greatly

9. PARASITISM Example: Barnacles that attach to the bodies of whales.
The whale is not harmed greatly, but may have some pain or itching.

10. COMMENSALISM
A type of relationship where one of the organisms benefits greatly from symbiosis. The other is not helped but it not harmed or damaged from the relationship. It is a one- sided symbiotic relationship.

11. COMMENSALISM
Example: The relationship between cattle egrets and cattle.
The cattle egret will eat insects that have been disturbed when the cattle foraged (search for food).

12. MUTUALISM
A close relationship where both parties benefit. Both species will benefit from the relationship and many of these relationships are long-lasting.

13. MUTUALISM Example: Cleaning symbiosis
In the ocean, certain species, like shrimps and gobies, will clean fish. They remove parasites, dead tissue, and mucous.

14. MUTUALISM
Example: Dogs and humans have enjoyed a mutualistic symbiosis for centuries.
The dogs supply protection and companionship and the humans provide food and shelter