1. The Bay of Pigs Invasion & The Cuban Missile Crisis

3. What was the background to the events in Cuba? Cuba, small island, 160 km from coast of Florida US ally, US businesses & US military base (Guantanamo) 1959, Fidel Castro overthrows Battista (US-backed dictator), establishing Communist government. Why was Cuba so important to the Americans?

4. The Bay of Pigs An unsuccessful attack on Cuba Designed to over throw the government of Castro April 17 th,1961 Cuban refugees trained in U.S. Guatemala to fight Castro Violated agreements to not interfere in the western hemisphere CIA advised Kennedy to attack

6. The Cuban Missile Crisis Oct.14, 1962 photos reveal Soviets building missile sights in Cuba Options: negotiate with Khrushchev, invade Cuba, blockade Cuba, bomb missile sights U.S. quarantines Cuba Russia sends more ships, Khrushchev calls them back U.S. agrees to remove weapons in Turkey for Russian disarmament in Cuba

8. Kennedy’s Map of Cuba

9. What happened during the October Crisis? 23 October Khrushchev refuses to acknowledge blockade or presence of Soviet missiles on Cuba 24 October, 1 st Soviet ships (accompanied by submarine) approach 800 km exclusion zone

10. What happened during the October Crisis? 24 October, 10:32 am, Soviet ships stop and turn round 25 October, aerial photos show continued construction of missile sites 26 October, Kennedy receives another letter offering to negotiate over missiles in Cuba with removal of blockade and US invasion threat 27 October, Kennedy receives second letter calling for withdrawal of US missiles in Turkey too

11. What happened during the October Crisis? 27 October Kennedy decides to ignore second letter, but accepts terms of 1 st letter 28 October, Khrushchev agrees to dismantle Soviet missiles in Cuba What is this cartoonist trying to say about the difficulties facing Kennedy during the Crisis?

12. What was the outcome of the crisis? Cuba remained Communist & heavily armed (without nuclear missiles) Both leaders didn’t lose face and came away with concessions Permanent hotline between White House & Kremlin set up Supported theory of containment & co-existence because alternatives unimaginable

13. After effects “Hot line” established from US to Russia Limited Test Band Treaty