1. Operační program Vzdělávání pro konkurenceschopnost Název projektu: Inovace magisterského studijního programu Fakulty ekonomiky a managementu Registrační číslo projektu: CZ.1.07/2.2.00/28.0326 Security and Defence Policy of the State Institutional, legal and doctrinal framework of the Czech security system

2. Goals of lecture  To introduce main constitutional principles and elements of security system of Czech Republic  To outline basic standards and legislative regulations of crisis legislation including internal and external state security 2

3. Basic definitions of terms Crisis is any event that is, or is expected to lead to, an unstable and dangerous situation affecting an individual, group, community, or whole society. Crises are deemed to be negative changes in the security, economic, political, societal, or environmental affairs, especially when they occur abruptly, with little or no warning. More loosely, it is a term meaning 'a testing time' or an 'emergency event'. Crisis situation can revolve around a dangerous situation such as extreme weather conditions or a medical emergency or long-term illness. In the international relations, crisis can be loosely defined as a situation where there is a perception of threat, heightened anxiety, expectation of possible violence and the belief that any actions will have far-reaching consequences Risk management Risk management is the identification, assessment, and prioritization of risks followed by coordinated and economical application of resources to minimize, monitor, and control the probability and/or impact of unfortunate events 3

4. According to Czech legal order crisis situation is if… a)sovereignty and territorial integrity are endangered; b)it is neccessary to fulfil the international commitments; c)public order and interstate security are endangered; d)lifes, health and property of citizens or environment are endangered in higher range; e)dangeres from letters. c) and d) are commited by natural disasters, ecological disaster or industry breakdown. 4

5. Accoding to situation the Parliament can declare the state of war and its possible to receive, propose and declare crisis actions of: Military character, Non-military character, Financial and monetary character, Economical character, Informational character. 5

6. Due to state of war declaration, many executive and legislative steps are proceed: Mobilization War economy Basic citizens rights suspension Imposion of duties Posibility of bilateral and multilateral international treaties suspension Boarder enclosure Requisition Internation etc. 6

7. Ambitions and mechanisms for facing up security threats to Czech Republic Use of the army in case of colective defence Use of the army in case of humanitarian and rescue missions (peacekeeping, peaceenforcement…) Use of the army for territory of Czech Republic Airspace protection Strategical object protection Assistance of the army to Czech police Assistance of the army within integrated operational system 7

8. Basic security and crisis legislature Basic source of law is the constition of Czech Republic (1993), mainly articles 1 – 14 Article 39 – (1) Both chambers shall have a quorum if at least one third of their members are present. (2) The decision of a chamber shall be adopted if approved by absolute majority of the Deputies or Senators present, unless the Constitution stipulates otherwise. (3) Decision on declaration of war, approval of a dispatch of Czech military forces outside the territory of the Czech Republic or of the presence of foreign military forces on the territory of the Czech Republic as well as a decision on the participation of the Czech Republic in defence systems of international organizations of which the Czech Republic is a member, shall require the consent of absolute majority of all Deputies and absolute majority of all Senators. (4) An approval of a three-fifths majority of all Deputies and of a three-fifths majority of Senators in attendance is required to pass a constitutional Act, as well as to approve the ratification of an international agreement 8

9. Basic security and crisis legislature Art. 43 (1) The Parliament may decide to declare a state of war should the Czech Republic be attacked or should international contractual obligations concerning common defence be met. (2) The Parliament shall decide on the participation of the Czech Republic in defence systems of an international organization of which the Czech Republic is a member. (3) The Parliament shall give its approval of a) dispatch of Czech military forces outside the territory of the Czech Republic; and b) presence of foreign military forces on the territory of the Czech Republic, unless these decisions have been reserved for the government. 9

10. Basic security and crisis legislature Art. 43 (4) The government shall decide on a dispatch of Czech military forces outside the territory of the Czech Republic and on the presence of foreign military forces on the territory of the Czech Republic for up to 60 days at most when they concern a) fulfilment of international contractual obligations concerning common defence against aggression; b) participation in peace operations pursuant to a decision of an international organization of which the Czech Republic is a member, and providing there is an approval of the receiving state; and c) participation in rescue operations in case of natural, industrial and ecological disasters. 10

11. Basic security and crisis legislature Art. 43 (5) The government shall also decide a) on the passage or fly of foreign military forces through/over the territory of the Czech Republic; and b) on the participation of Czech military forces in military exercises outside the territory of the Czech Republic and on the participation of foreign military forces in military exercises on the territory of the Czech Republic. (6) The government shall inform both Chambers of the Parliament of its decisions under Subsections 4 and 5 with no delay. The Parliament may revoke such a decision of the Government by an objecting resolution of at least one of its Chambers approved by half of all Members of this Chamber. 11

12. Operační program Vzdělávání pro konkurenceschopnost Název projektu: Inovace magisterského studijního programu Fakulty ekonomiky a managementu Registrační číslo projektu: CZ.1.07/2.2.00/28.0326 Security and Defence Policy of the State Institutional, legal and doctrinal framework of the Czech security system