1. Clarke AP Psychology Neuron Brain Quiz
1. (10 points) What neuronal process is shown in the diagram below?
a. Identify the various other processes labeled in the diagram using the numbers on the diagram.
b. Explain why this activity is maintained for the entire length of an axon.
c. Why does the activity travel only in one direction down the axon?
(12 points)
a. Draw or describe the events at the synapse that support the flow of information between neurons. Include the following
terms in your description:
Presynaptic Neuron Synapse Receptor binding
Postsynaptic Neuron Postsynaptic Receptor Exocytosis
Calcium channel Reuptake receptor Action potential
Vesicle Synaptic Enzyme Neurotransmitter
b. What would be the consequence of the following on the levels of neurotransmitter in the synapse:
1. Blocking reuptake receptors
2. Blocking synaptic enzymes
3. Blocking postsynaptic receptors

2. Spinal cord Brainstem Amygdala Hippocampus Hypothalamus Basal Ganglia
(20 points) For each of the following nervous system functions, write the letter for the associated anatomical feature shown on the right:
Heart and breathing rate
Fear (or avoidance) – based emotion
Sensory and motor processing for the face and head
Order of muscle activity for the motor plan
Source of dopamine for motor processing
Pattern generation reflexes
Feeding, fighting, fleeing and fornication
Affected by Huntington’s Disease
Segmented dermatome of the body below the neck
Carries sensory information to the brain
Social coordination
Affected by Parkinson’s Disease
Declarative memory formation
Pleasure (or approach) – based emotion
Spatial memory formation
Procedural memory formation
Hormonal regulation
Processing of reward or reinforcement
Timing of muscle activity for the motor plan
Carries motor information from the brain to the muscles
Spinal cord
Brainstem
Amygdala
Hippocampus
Hypothalamus
Basal Ganglia
Nucleus Accumbens
Substantia Nigra
Cerebellum
(15 points) Describe the sequence of events that occur during the Ainsworth’s Strange Situation Test.
What are the possible attachment patterns that might be observed from the Strange Situation Test? For each pattern, describe at least one (1) behavior that would be a critical observation for classifying a child as having that pattern.
Approximately what percentage of children are observed within each attachment pattern? Describe four (4) life consequences that might be associated with the most common attachment pattern. Which attachment pattern is associated with the poorest life outcomes and why?

3. 2. Firing threshold (1) (Na+ channels open)
1. What neuronal process is shown in the diagram below? (10 points total)
a. Identify the various other processes labeled in the diagram using the numbers on the diagram.
b. Explain why this activity is maintained for the entire length of an axon.
c. Why does the activity travel only in one direction down the axon?
a. Action potential (1)
1. Resting potential (1)
2. Firing threshold (1) (Na+ channels open)
3. Depolarization phase (Na+ enters) (1)
4. Peak potential (K+ channels open) (1)
5. Repolarization (Hyperpolarization) phase (K+ exits) (1)
6. Refractory period (Na+/K+ pump active) (1)
7 & 8. Resting potential
9. Depolarization (graded) (1)
10. Hyperpolarization (graded) (1)
b. Activity is maintained down the entire length of the axon because the axon is insulated with myelin (1)
c. The refractory period prevents the action potential from going back toward its origin because during the
refractory period the membrane is unable to change its potential (1)

4. b1. Increase amount of neurotransmitter in synapse (1)
a. Draw or describe the events at the synapse that support the flow of information between neurons. Include the following
terms in your description (12 points):
Presynaptic Neuron Synapse Receptor binding
Postsynaptic Neuron Postsynaptic Receptor Exocytosis
Calcium channel Reuptake receptor Action potential
Vesicle Synaptic Enzyme Neurotransmitter
b. What would be the consequence of the following on the levels of neurotransmitter in the synapse:
1. Blocking reuptake receptors
2. Blocking synaptic enzymes
3. Blocking postsynaptic receptors
a. One point for each term used properly in diagram or description (up to 11 points)
b1. Increase amount of neurotransmitter in synapse (1)
b2. Increase amount of neurotransmitter in synapse (1)
b3. Decrease activity in postsynaptic neuron (1)

5. Spinal cord Brainstem Amygdala Hippocampus Hypothalamus Basal Ganglia
(20 points) For each of the following nervous system functions, write the letter for the associated anatomical feature shown on the right:
Heart and breathing rate 1 B
Fear (or avoidance) – based emotion 2 C
Sensory and motor processing for the face and head 3 B
Order of muscle activity for the motor plan 4 F
Source of dopamine for motor processing 5 H
Pattern generation reflexes 6 A
Feeding, fighting, fleeing and fornication 7 E
Affected by Huntington’s Disease 8 F
Segmented dermatome of the body below the neck 9 A
Carries sensory information to the brain 10 A
Social coordination I
Affected by Parkinson’s Disease 12 H, F
Declarative memory formation 13 D
Pleasure (or approach) – based emotion 14 G
Spatial memory formation D
Procedural memory formation 16 F, I
Hormonal regulation E
Processing of reward or reinforcement 18 G
Timing of muscle activity for the motor plan 19 I
Carries motor information from the brain to the muscles 20 A
Spinal cord
Brainstem
Amygdala
Hippocampus
Hypothalamus
Basal Ganglia
Nucleus Accumbens
Substantia Nigra
Cerebellum

6. Insecure ambivalent (1) – non-consolable on return (1)
(15 points) Describe the sequence of events that occur during the Ainsworth’s Strange Situation Test.
What are the possible attachment patterns that might be observed from the Strange Situation Test? For each pattern, describe at least one (1) behavior that would be a critical observation for classifying a child as having that pattern.
Approximately what percentage of children are observed within each attachment pattern? Describe four (4) life consequences that might be associated with the most common attachment pattern. Which attachment pattern is associated with the poorest life outcomes and why?
Strange Situation (4 points) – Child/Attachment figure enter strange environment, Stranger enters, Attachment figure leaves, Stranger leaves, Attachment figure reenters
Secure (1) – exploration, acknowledge stranger, upset when alone, consolable on return (1)
Insecure avoidant (1) – exploratory without social referencing, upset when alone, consolable but avoidance behavior on return (1)
Insecure ambivalent (1) – non-consolable on return (1)
Disorganized (1) – stereotypical behavior (self-harming), trance- like state throughout (1)
75/10/10/5 (1)
Achievement in school, work, career; Successful peer/romantic relationships; Less criminal behavior, longer life (4)
Disorganized associated with poorest outcomes (1) – abuse likely in childhood (1)