1. CIVICS 2012 MERRITT BROWN MIDDLE SCHOOL K. STAFFORD Citizenship and America

2. Immigration Immigrants- People who move permanently to a new country At first the North American continent was settled by hunter-gathers as they migrated from Asia across the land bridge. Around the 1500’s modern ‘migration’ to the Americas began. Between 1830 and 1930 Americas population went from 12 million to 120 million people. Interactive Migration Map

3. Immigration and Diversity Ethnic Groups- share a common national and cultural background.  The United States is made up of numerous different ethnic groups.

4. Diversity The United States has been an immigrant destination for centuries and the diverse American culture reflects that. However there are common values that all Americans share. Values- The general principles or beliefs people use to make judgments and decisions American values include freedom, equality, justice and democracy

5. Institutions Institutions- Key practices, relationships and organizations in a society There are two types of institutions in civics… Social and Government Popular Sovereignty- the idea that the government receives its power from the people

6. Citizenship Citizen- Community member who owes loyalty to the government and is entitled to its protection Civics- the study of the duties and rights of citizens Citizenship- rights and duties of a citizen Government- the ruling authority for a community

7. Citizenship Continued The ideals of citizenship have been evolving since the times of ancient Greece and Rome Modern citizenship’s roots can be found in the Enlightenment around the 1700s 1. Citizens belong to Nations 2. Power of the government comes from the people governed

8. Citizenship in America First citizenship was limited to white males 1868 14 th Amendment is passed granting full citizenship to those ‘born or naturalized’ in the United States 1920 the 19 th Amendment is passes granting women the right to vote 1924 Congress passes the Indian Citizenship Act granting citizenship to all Native Americans

9. Natural-Born Citizens Born in any of the states of the District of Columbia Born in an American territory- Puerto Rico or an overseas military base Children born on American soil but to foreign parents If a child is born to parents of American citizenship then the child can claim American Citizenship If one of the parents is an American Citizen and has lived in the United States. Dual Citizenship

10. Naturalized Citizens Naturalization- the legal process to obtain citizenship Must be 18 or older Must have lawful permanent residence for 5 years Must be able to read, write and speak English Must be of good moral character Must show an understanding of U.S. civics Must apply for citizenship, Take test, Ceremony and oath

11. Losing Citizenship Three ways to lose citizenship 1. Expatriation- someone who gives their allegiance to a foreign country 2. Denaturalization- Naturalized citizens who have lied during their naturalization process. They can be deported. 3. Being convicted of certain crimes- Treason, taking part in a rebellion, trying to overthrow the government with violence

12. Legal Aliens Aliens- foreign born residents who have not been naturalized Resident Aliens- a legal immigrant who permanently lives in the U.S. Nonresident Aliens- someone who expects to stay in the U.S. for a short, specific time Legal aliens work, attend school, and pay taxes They can not vote, run for public office, serve on a jury and they must carry an identification card at all times.

13. Refugees Refugee- a person fleeing their country to escape danger Natural Disaster Political Refugees- Government promises to protect political refugees

14. Illegal Aliens The U.S. currently allows about 1 million immigrants a year to enter the country. Relatives of U.S. citizens receive highest priority and immigrants with job skills It is also estimated that about 1 million enter/remain in the U.S. each year If discovered an illegal alien can be deported back to their country at any time.

15. Tuesday August 28 2012 “The bosom of America is open to receive not only the Opulent and respectable Stranger, but the oppressed and persecuted of all Nations And Religions; whom we shall wellcome to a participation of all our rights and previleges, if by decency and propriety of conduct they appear to merit the enjoyment.” - GEORGE WASHINGTON, letter, Dec. 2, 1783

16. 1. Read Quote 2. Write a paragraph (5-7 sentences) answering the following questions. 1. What was Washington’s views of immigration? 2. Do these views still apply today? 3. Why? Or Why not?

17. 1. Label Each side of the Triangle 1. Responsibilities 2. Involvement 3. Duties 2. The three Small Triangles are where the corners overlap 3. The middle Triangle is where all three ideas overlap 4. Take 20 notes total. Five for each side and 5 for overlapping 5. Draw small pictures/doodles around the triangle to decorate it. The pictures need to relate to your notes