1. What happened to the Final Solution? As the German Army retreated from Eastern Europe, they attempted to empty and destroy the concentration camps. In some places, the Soviets moved fast enough to liberate prisoners and preserve the evidence. As the Allies moved from the West, they also discovered and liberated camps. Germany lost WWII

2. What happened to the Final Solution? Nuremberg Trials: 23 highest Nazi officials put on trial for their war crimes and crimes against humanity in the Holocaust & WWII Prison terms or executions “Nazi Hunters” spend rest of century looking for escaped Nazi criminals and put them on trial Eichmann captured in Arg. in 1960. Nazis & SS Punished by the World

3. Were the Nazis successful? The Nazis failed to wipe out the Jewish Population. 5.9 million killed. 60-70% of Europe’s total population. Many Jews escaped Europe before the Holocaust, or escaped capture during the Holocaust. The death camps were not able to murder as efficiently as planned.

4. Were the Nazis successful? Jewish Resistance: Armed Armed resistance groups Jewish partisans raided camps and freed prisoners, aided the Allies Uprisings in the ghettos A refusal to be led quietly to slaughter.

5. Analysis  Why does this matter?  How is this different from how people often think about the Holocaust?

6. Were the Nazis successful? Jewish Resistance: Cultural Countless stories of secret religious and cultural practices Maintaining languages, culture in the ghettos and camps Secretly practicing ceremonies and teaching children practices When liberated, they could continue their lives.

7. Jewish Culture ≠ Holocaust

8. Chanukah (Hanukkah)  Legend: 167 BCE, Jews persecuted by conquering gov’t and forced to abandon their religion.  Jewish rebels (the Maccabees) fight back, and re-take Jerusalem & their Temple.  Need to purify the Temple by burning oil for 8 days. Only 1 day’s worth of oil left, but in a miracle it burns for the full 8 days.  Symbol: despite hardship and oppression, Jews will survive and keep their culture.

9. Chanukah (Hanukkah)  Tonight is the 3 rd night out of 8.  On each night of Chanukah, Jewish families tell stories from the Torah, exchange small gifts, recite prayers, and light a candle on the Menorah.

10. Exit Ticket: Forming Connections 1.How did Jewish Culture survive the Holocaust? 2.How does the story of Chanukah relate to the lives of Jews after the Holocaust? Homework: Study for Final Solution Quiz tomorrow. (really study)

11. Notes  MARS Lists  Fs on Mastery  Missing Mastery  Grades C or below  Office Hours Today  Last chance to do DN Mastery Revision – must be done by 5 PM!  Clarify anything else you need help with