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Published byKristopher Bradley Modified over 8 years ago
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Jag Mark What kind of charging does the PowerMat utilize?
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Electric Current Notes
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Flow of Electric Charges Electric current is the flow of electric charges through a material. The charges must flow continuously, or without stopping. The rate of electric current through a wire is how much charge passes a place in a certain amount of time (One coulomb per second = 1 amp). The unit used for the rate of electric current is the ampere. The name can be shortened to amp or A.
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Flow of Electric Charges A current needs a path to follow. An electric circuit is an unbroken path through which electric charges flow. An electric circuit is always a complete loop with no breaks in the loop. If an electric circuit is complete, charges can flow continuously. If an electric circuit is broken, charges will stop flowing.
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Open CircuitClosed Circuit
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Conductors and Insulators Any material that an electric charge can go through easily is called a conductor. Metals are good conductors. Silver, copper, aluminum, and iron. In a conductor, atoms contain electrons that are bound loosely. These electrons, called conduction electrons, are able to move throughout the conductor.
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Conductors
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Conductors and Insulators Any material that an electric charge has a hard time going through is called an insulator. Rubber, glass, plastic, and wood. The rubber coating on an electric cord is an example of an insulator; allowing electrons to flow though the copper wiring inside, but preventing the electrons from flowing into your hand.
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Insulators
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Voltage Charges need energy to flow through a wire. The energy that makes charges flow is called electrical potential energy. A battery for example, creates an electrical potential energy in an electric circuit.
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Voltage Voltage is the difference in electrical potential energy between two places in a circuit. Another name for voltage is potential difference. The unit of measure of voltage is volt, which is abbreviated as V.
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Zero Volts High Voltage
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High Energy Low Energy
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Voltage An electric circuit needs a source of energy to have voltage. A voltage source creates a potential difference, or voltage, in an electric circuit. A better is an example of a voltage source. An electric generator is also a voltage source.
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Voltage Sources
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Resistance Resistance is the measure of how hard it is for charges to flow through a material. The unit for resistance is the ohm the symbol stands for “ohms.” How much current there is through a circuit depends on how much resistance there is. The more resistance there is, the less current there will be.
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Resistance How much resistance there is in a wire depends on these four factors: - material the wire is made of - length of the wire - diameter of the wire - temperature of the wire
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Resistance Material - Conductor - Low Resistance - Insulator - High Resistance Length - Short - Low Resistance - Long - High Resistance Diameter - Wide - Low Resistance - Narrow - High Resistance Temperature - Cold - Low Resistance - Hot - High Resistance
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Resistance If an electric charge can flow through one or more paths with varying resistances, it will flow through the path with the least resistance.
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Bird on an Electric Wire The bird has more resistance than the wire.
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