1. UNIT 4: POST-IMPERALISM

2. STUDENT WILL BE ABLE TO…  Understand some of the lasting impacts of colonialism.

3. LONG-TERM ASPECTS OF IMPERIALISM (TRUST ME, WE’LL TALK ABOUT THIS A LOT MORE…JUST NOT NOW)  Part of the reading in Fouberg deals with Wallerstein’s world system theory (Tuesday-Thursday). We will actually re-visit this in another unit, but since we just watched the video…  Imperialism was based on an economic system called “capitalism.” It’s kind of like mercantilism, but instead of their being a fixed amount of money in the world, it realizes that wealth can be multiplied.  Capitalism emphasizes trade on a world scale.  Many of the African countries were forced to trade on a world scale, in order to be competitive in that process you need money.  Remember, land and skills associated with growing food to eat were forced out of population.  You get money from investors, if you’re a poor country, you get them from outside investors like countries or businesses; so they essential own parts of the country, even though they aren’t from country.

4. …THIS IS THE REALLY SHORT VERSION… (TRUST ME, AGAIN… WE’LL TALK ABOUT THIS A LOT MORE…JUST NOT NOW…MUST KEEP MOVING….)  The money from elsewhere goes into making “capital” or something that makes more money.  When imperialism ended, a lot of countries didn’t have money or infrastructure (helps make more money)  Infrastructure is how you get around; phones and roads and railroads, which help make MORE money.  Remember, this was intentional on the part of the colonizers  So, the people/countries/companies with money (because they took all the materials and goods from the colonies) have been able to say…we’ll give you money…BUT….they keep a lot of it for themselves, so the former colonies don’t really make much money.

5.  These concepts from imperialism and colonialism create an issue of global inequalities.  One theorist Emmanuel Wallerstein made something called World System’s theory  we’re not going to test on him this unit.  Wallerstein provides a macro view of inequality (world wide)  Says that countries can’t get out of being poor b/c these resources were taken and are continual taken and the advantages gained while empires help to keep giving advantages.  The world is divided in three “tiers” of wealth and power for a country:  Core: Higher education/higher salaries (Wealthiest. Example: U.S.)  Periphery: Lower Levels of education, lower salaries and less technology (Poorest. Example: Chad)  Semi-periphery: place where core and periphery processes are both occurring  (Not rich, not exactly poor. Example: India and Mexico). …JUST ONE MORE SLIDE ABOUT THIS…

6. OTHER LEGACIES OF IMPERIALISM  European powers pushed the idea that people owed allegiance to a state and the people it represents, rather than to its leader, such as a king.  The process of promoting state cohesion emerges and uses centripetal forces.  Centripetal Forces: Practices that unify and bring together.  Nationalism: “identification with the state and the acceptance of national goals”  One of the strongest centripetal forces  Creates a sense of “us-ness” (remember, us-ness, needs a “them”)  Based on concept of allegiance to a single country and the ideas it represents  It’s actually really hard to achieve, it’s kind of like an artificial nation.

7. CENTRIPETAL FORCES  Centripetal Forces: (if you forgot from last slide) bind people together, enable it to function and give it strength.  Allegiance to the state attempts to overcome affiliation with religion, languages, etc.  Ways of achieving this loyalty include “icons” like the flag or symbols.  How do you know someone is patriotic and loves America? They have a flag somewhere, or everywhere. Or on the lapel or jacket.  What says liberty without saying “liberty?” The Statute of Liberty. She also says freedom and power and America.  Unifying institutions: Schools, armed forces, and churches.  We actually teach you a lot of things about being a good U.S. citizen at school.  You’re also exposed to icons and explained what symbols mean and how you should react. Think the Pledge of Alliance every morning.