1. Background#1 S1 Born in Tangier, Morocco in 1304 C.E. Began at age 21 Traveled all over the world Traveled total distance of about 75,000 miles Wrote journals recounting his travels TT

2. Travels#1 Q2 “In the course of his first Journey, Ibn Battuta travelled through Algiers, Tunis, Egypt, Palestine, and Syria.” TT

3. Travels#1 S2 Visited many places (see 1 st notecard) he then performed his first Hajj Then traveled over sea to Yemen, visited Aden and set sail to East Africa Then he returned to Mecca to perform his 2 nd Hajj TT

4. Travels#1 S2 Set out for India, but changed his mind and went back to Cairo, Palestine, and Syria instead Traveled to Black Sea and crossed it Eventually reached Constantinople through the Southern Ukraine TT

5. Travels#1 P2-3 Went to Khurasan through Khiva and visited Bukhara, Balkh, Heart, Tus, Mashhad, and Nishapur. Crossed Hindukush mountains into Afghanistan and later into India Travelled through India until he reached Delhi Stayed in Delhi for several years with Sultan Mohammad Tughlaq TT

6. Travels#1 P3 The Saltan sent Ibn Battuta to be his envoy to China Travelled through India he took a ship to Goa (India) Eventually reached Maldive islands and then Ceylon Landed on the Ma’bar coast and he set sail for Bengal (in China during that time) TT

7. Travels#1 P3 Sailing along the Malabar coast he reached the Maldive islands, and then Canton In China he went north east to Dhafari, Muscat, Paris (in Iran), Iraq, Syria, Palestine, and Egypt Then made his 7 th and final Hajj in 1348 CE Returned to his hometown of Fez Later traveled to Muslim Spain and the Niger region TT

8. Impact1 Q&S2-3 “The variety and expenditure of the religious endowments at Damascus are beyond computation” Writes about cultures and structure of different society’s and analyses them TT

9. Impact#1 P5 His writings about sea voyages and shipping help show the Muslim’s domination on the waters of the Red Sea, Arabian Sea, Indian Ocean, and the Chinese waters. Showed that in Muslim society Christians were slightly restricted but overall were not treated to unfairly TT

10. Impact#1 S5-6 Ibn Battuta traveled over 75,000 miles, much more than Marco Polo However he is rarely mentioned in textbooks One of the greatest contributors to geographic study But his work is not very easy to access by the average person TT

11. Background #2 S8 Traveled for 29 years throughout the Middle East and Asia Crossed multiple continents Tripled the travels of Marco Polo (traveled 75,000 miles) Through 44 countries TT

12. Travels#2 Q8 “I left Tangier, my birthplace, the 13 th of June 1325 with the intention of making the Pilgrimage to [Mecca]… to leave all my friends both female and male, to abandon my home as birds abandon their nests.” Ibn Battuta writings about leaving his home to travel TT

13. Travels#2 Q9 “An unattractive village… the water is brackish and the place is plagued with flies.” Ibn Battuta descibes one Saharan town in a very negative tone Even though one might think he would have grown accustomed to this throughout his years of travel TT

14. Travels#2 P9 Ibn Battuta did not always enjoy traveling (see last card) He always found the richest and most powerful Muslims in a community to provide him with clean accommodations In return he would tell his stories and speak of his life TT

15. Travels#2 S10 While in the village of Fuwa Ibn Battuta had an odd dream He dreamed he was “on the wing of a huge bird… which flew in the direction of [Mecca], then made toward the Yemen.” Woke up and found that the town mystic knew of his dream Decided to follow the dream and went to Mecca TT