2. Tonight’s homework In a story board, describe the process for nominating a president (see page 215). Draw multiple frames that highlight the steps of becoming a presidential nominee. On the back of the story board, explain the step by step procedures of nominating a president.

3. Today’s Agenda The Two-Party System Minor (or third) Parties

4. The Two Party System An electoral system with two dominant parties that compete in national elections. How do we maintain a two party system with such a heterogeneous population?

5. Two Party System Only 15 nations have one Most European democracies are multiparty systems Nationally: GOP Dems (From 1884-2004) 1713 Not as evenly balanced a state and local level.

6. The Two-Party System Elections are based on plurality, as opposed to majority…what does this mean?

7. Why does the Two party System still dominate the US? Plurality System: Means that in all elections, the winner gets the most vote, even if he or she does not get a majority of votes cast. In Europe, most votes are based on proportional representation. 3% of vote get you 3% of the seats.

8. Why does the Two party System still dominate the US? Voters are reluctant to “throw their vote away” on minor parties. Public opinion sees a distinct difference in the GOP and Democrats.

9. Impact of Minor Parties Influence is difficult to judge They develop ideas that major parties may later adopt Factional parties may have greatest influence on public policy

12. Today’s Agenda 5 Minute Group Conference about Time line Time line presentations Political Machines Nominating a President Review

15. How are presidential nominees selected today? How were they selected in early American political history? Describe the primary process. Who votes in primaries? What is a caucus?

16. Political Machines What do we know about party bosses and political machines?

17. Political Machine A party machine is a party organization that recruits members by dispensing patronage. Examples: Tammy Hall in late 19 th -Century NYC One out of eight New Yorkers had a federal, state or city job. Richard J. Daley Chicago’s Mayor from 1955 to 1976

18. How have political machines been curtailed in recent history?

19. Why Political Machines have mostly diminished Stricter voter registration laws Civil service reforms cut down the number of patronage jobs Competitive bidding laws make it harder to award over priced contracts to favored businesses. Advances in education, income and sophistication made citizens less dependent on leadership of city/state officials.

20. STUDY FOR TOMORROW’S QUIZ First, READ YOUR CHAPTER 9 PACKET! Second, Review chapter 9 vocabulary Third, Take the Chapter 8 Quiz (Really for OUR Chapter 9) Practice Quiz in your Fast Track to a 5 workbook. It is 15 questions and starts on page 149