1. Mass Transport Systems Every organism moves substances around in it’s body. However, because diffusion is only efficient over very short distances, organisms larger than an earthworm use Mass Transport. Mass Transport is the movement of large amounts of substances along a system of tubes (eg blood vessels) at high speed in a stream of fluid (eg blood).

2. Main substances Transported by the Blood All body cells Liver(Heat) Target organ(s) Endocrine Gland Hormones KidneysLiverUrea All body cells Large intestine Water All body cells Small intestine Glucose, Amino acids, Vitamins Minerals (Nutrients) Lungs All body cells Carbon dioxide All body cells LungsOxygen DELIVERED TO: TRANSPORTED FROM: SUBSTANCE

3. Mammals have a Double Circulatory System: Blood travels first from the Heart to the lungs and back to the heart in the Pulmonary circulation……… Blood travels first from the Heart to the lungs and back to the heart in the Pulmonary circulation……… ……..then from the heart out to all the rest of the body organs and back to the heart again, in the Systemic circulation. ……..then from the heart out to all the rest of the body organs and back to the heart again, in the Systemic circulation. Blood visits the heart twice in the one-way route round the full circulatory system. Blood visits the heart twice in the one-way route round the full circulatory system.

4. Hepatic portal vein HEAD LUNGS Hepatic vein Hepatic artery Renal vein Renal artery LIVER GUT KIDNEYS REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS LEGS Aorta Vena cava (inferior) Vena cava (superior) Pulmonary arteryPulmonary vein Jugular veinCarotid artery