1. Animal Kingdom

2. Symmetry - None
No general body plan or axis of symmetry

3. Symmetry - Radial Body parts repeat around the center of the body
Bicycle wheel

4. Symmetry - Bilateral
Only a single plane can divide the body into 2 equal halves

5. Body Plan
Anterior
front
Posterior
rear
Dorsal
top
Ventral
bottom

6. Porifera Examples Symmetry Digestion Other sponges none Filter-feeding
Collar cells collect food as water filters through the sponge

7. Cnidaria Examples: jellyfish, sea anemone Symmetry: radial
Digestion: 2-way
Other: stinging cells (defense & feeding)
diffuse nerve net

8. Platyhelminthes FLAT WORMS Examples Symmetry Digestion Other tape worm
bilateral
Digestion
2-way
Other
Eye spots
Concentration of nerves at head

9. Nematoda ROUND WORMS Examples Symmetry Digestion Other
Heart worm, pin worm
Symmetry
bilateral
Digestion
1-way
Other

10. Annelida SEGMENTED WORMS Examples Symmetry Digestion Other
Earthworm, leech
Symmetry
bilateral
Digestion
1-way
Other
Segmentation: made up of a linear series of repetitive body parts

11. Arthropoda Examples Symmetry Digestion Other
centipede, insect, spider, crab, lobster
Symmetry
bilateral
Digestion
1-way
Other
Segmented
Exoskeleton made of chitin

12. Mollusca Examples Symmetry Digestion Other snail, squid, octopus, clam
bilateral
Digestion
1-way
Other
Mantle: creates shell
Well developed optics

13. Echinodermata Examples Symmetry Digestion Other
sea star, sand dollar, sea urchin
Symmetry
Bilateral (larvae) --> radial (adult)
Digestion
1-way (some become 2-way)
Other
endoskeleton

14. Chordata Examples Symmetry Digestion Other
fish, amphibian, reptile, bird, mammal
Symmetry
bilateral
Digestion
1-way
Other
Endoskeleton
Closed circulatory system

15. Chordata - cont’d 4 shared characteristics: Dorsal nerve cord
brain & spine
Notochord
backbone
Gill slits
gills or lungs
Post-anal tail
Exothermic: “cold-blooded”
-body temp is regulated by
external environment
Endothermic: “warm-blooded”
-maintain body temp by
converting food to heat

16. Fish Amphibian Reptile Bird Mammal
Classes of Chordata
Fish
Amphibian
Reptile
Bird
Mammal

17. Agnatha - jawless fish

18. Chondrichthyes Body temp Heart Respiration Fertilization Other
Exothermic
Some homeothermic?
Heart
2-chambers
Respiration
Gills
Fertilization
External or internal
Other
Skeleton = cartilage
Inhibits tumor growth?
Some lay eggs, some give live birth
Large, oily liver helps with bouyancy

19. Osteichthyes Body temp Heart Respiration Fertilization Other
exothermic
Heart
2-chambers
Respiration
gills
Fertilization
External (sperm & egg meet outside the body)
Other
Swim bladder
Lateral line system

20. Amphibian Body temp Heart Respiration Fertilization Other exothermic
3-chambers
Respiration
gills, skin, lungs
Fertilization
external
Other
Adapted to life in & out of water
All must return to water for reproduction

21. Reptiles Body temp Heart Respiration Fertilization
Exothermic chambers (crocs = 4-chambers)
Respiration Fertilization
Lungs internal (sperm+egg meet inside the body)
Other : internal fertilization
Makes return to water unnecessary
Provides better protection for sperm
Do not need to lay as many eggs

22. Amniotic Egg Reptiles first to introduce amniotic egg
Yolk = food for embryo
Allantois = collects waste
Chorion = allows gas exchange
Shell = protection
*Prevents embryo from drying out

24. Aves (aka Birds) Body temp Heart Respiration Fertilization Other
endothermic
Heart
4-chambers
Respiration
lungs (very efficient)
Fertilization
internal
Other
Eggs must be incubated
Adapted for flight …..

25. Adaptation for flight Decreased body weight Feathers Hollow bones
No teeth
Strong muscles
Excrete highly concentrated urine with very little water (uric acid)
Strong muscles
Excree highly concentrated urine with very little water (uric acid)

27. Mammals Body temp Heart Respiration Fertilization Other endothermic
4-chambers
Respiration
lungs
Fertilization
internal
Other
Hair, fur, or vestiges
Mammary glands
Largest, developed brains
Specialized teeth
Increased parental care

28. Monotremes
Reproduce by laying eggs
Platypus, echidna

29. Marsupials
Give birth to small, immature young that further develop inside an external pouch
Kangaroo, koala

30. Placenta Young develop inside mother’s body until birth
95% of all mammals are placental

31. The
End