2. Efficiency Energy for the Future From the Lab to the Marketplace: The Role of California’s Energy Policies California Lighting and Technology Center 2 nd Annual Forum May 9-10, 2005 Arthur H. Rosenfeld, Commissioner California Energy Commission 916 654 4930 Arosenfe@Energy.State.CA.US www.Energy.CA.gov

3. Efficiency Energy for the Future 2 California Peak Power Demand:Planned in 1974, and Actual to 1984 Goldstein and Rosenfeld, at Calif. Energy Commission, Dec. 1975

4. Efficiency Energy for the Future 3 0

5. Efficiency Energy for the Future 4 Californians have a net savings of $1,000/family

6. Efficiency Energy for the Future 5

7. Efficiency Energy for the Future 6

8. Efficiency Energy for the Future 7 Virtues of a 15-Watt CFL (10,000 hour lifetime) Compared to Twelve 75-Watt Incandescent Bulbs uFirst Cost for 1 CFL or 10 Incandescent Bulbs about the same: $5.00 uElectricity consumption is very different: –75 Watts – 15 Watts = 60 Watts x 10,000 hours = 600 kWh uMoney Savings: –600 kWh x $.12 per kWh = $ 72.00 uFuel Savings: –600 kWh x 10,000 Btu/kWh = 6 Million Btus or ~ 1 barrel of petroleum uFuel Savings Example (using energy equivalence) –At 25 mph = 1,000 miles or SFO to Denver, one-way –At 50 mph (a new hybrid) = 2,000 miles or SFO to Denver and return

9. Efficiency Energy for the Future 8 $0 $50 $100 $150 $200 $250 $300 $350 $400 Public Interest Energy Research (PIER). ~50% to Efficiency Emerging Technology Coordinating Council Energy Efficiency and Demand Response Million $ per Year Electricity Natural Gas EE funding "Procurement" = Integrated Resource Planning Proposed Ramp Up to $25 MM Public Goods and Procurement Funding for Efficiency 1% of Annual Electric Bills

10. Efficiency Energy for the Future 9 Now Turning Specifically to Lighting uLighting accounts for 6% of US energy use (2005 EIA Data) uFor comparison, ANWR is probably good for 1 – 1.5%

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12. Efficiency Energy for the Future 11

13. Efficiency Energy for the Future 12 1% per year improvement, more with 2005 Stds

14. Efficiency Energy for the Future 13 Commercial Lighting Power Density 4 2.5 1.5 1.2 10 7.5 6 4.5 15 9 7.5 6 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 1973 Prior to Standards Title 24 1978Title 24 1985Title 24 2005 W/sf Commercial Office LightingCommercial Retail Lighting - lowCommercial Retail Lighting - high

15. Efficiency Energy for the Future 14 Title 24 Residential Lighting Impact uTitle 24 1978 ~ 5-10% lighting energy use saved uTitle 24 1985 ~ 10-15% of lighting energy use saved uTitle 24 2005 ~ 20% of lighting energy use saved

16. Efficiency Energy for the Future 15 CFL Costs uCosts of CFLs have dropped…. u$15 to $25 from ~1982 to ~1995 (little change)  $3 to $10 today Reference: ESource Lighting Atlas, 2005

17. Efficiency Energy for the Future 16 uStandard 2-lamp T8 Electronic Ballast –Early 1990’s = $35-$40 –Today = $10 to $15 Electronic Ballast Costs

18. Efficiency Energy for the Future 17 Linear Fluorescent Costs Reference: ESource Lighting Atlas, 1997 & 2005 “Standard” T8 lamp In 1997 cost $4.61 In 2003 cost $2.44

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20. Efficiency Energy for the Future 19 Efficiency Curves Show Wide Efficiency Spread

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22. Efficiency Energy for the Future 21 Let’s Return to More General Energy Policy

23. Efficiency Energy for the Future 22 Source: David Goldstein 1 st Federal Stds ‘92 75% reduction in 30 yrs = 5%/yr.

24. Efficiency Energy for the Future 23 Source: David Goldstein

25. Efficiency Energy for the Future 24 The Value of Energy Saved and Produced (production @.03 and savings @.085 $/kWh) 0 5 10 15 20 25 Billion $ per year Energy Saved from 150 M Refrig/Freezers at 2001 efficiency Nuclear Conventional Hydro Existing Renewables ANWR @10,000 Btu/kWh 100 Million Rooftop PV System @ 1kW

26. Efficiency Energy for the Future 25 Impact of Standards on Efficiency of 3 Appliances Source: S. Nadel, ACEEE, in ECEEE 2003 Summer Study, www.eceee.org 75% 60% 25%

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28. Efficiency Energy for the Future 27 300 GW 200 GW 100 GW of U.S. Nuclear Power Stations

29. Efficiency Energy for the Future 28 Public Interest Energy Strategies –CEC #100-03-12F GWh Impacts from Programs Begun Prior to 2001 0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 35,000 40,000 197519801985199019952000 GWH Utility Programs: at a cost of ~1% of Electric Bill Building Standards Appliance Standards ~ 14% of Annual Use in California

30. Efficiency Energy for the Future 29 California’s Continued Move Toward Efficiency uAdopted a loading order for electricity with efficiency being first on the list uThe research community and industry continue to collaborate on innovative lighting developments uThe CEC will continue to provide R&D funding and to update Titles 20 and 24

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32. Efficiency Energy for the Future 31 Lighting Spilling Upwards