Objective: To understand how and why products change over time.

Name: Objective: To understand how and why products change over time.
Uploaded: 2017-07-30T03:31:15+00:00
Duration: PTM23S33
Channel: Branden Hill
Description: Objective: To understand how and why products change over time.

Objective: To understand how and why products change over time.
The evolution of a product: This falls into three main categories: Materials and manufacturing Social Factors Environment

The evolution of a product: This falls into three main categories: Materials and manufacturing Developments in science and Technology allow designers and manufacturers to make products cheaper, last longer and more efficiently through new materials. It can also affect the environment in a positive way. Copy this into your book From 45:20

The evolution of a product: This falls into three main categories: Social Factors: Peoples views on what is acceptable change over time. This can help to evolve a product. Products need to be designed to appeal to now’s consumers. Copy this into your book

The evolution of a product: This falls into three main categories: Environment: We only recently have begun to understand the impact that we have on the environment. We now need to reuse and recycle products rather than just throwing away. The motor industry is working hard to make themselves cleaner and more efficient. Copy this into your book

Light comparison – old and new

What parts would you use?
Old Lamp New Lamp Aesthetics Trends Colours used Function Materials Layout User needs and wants? What parts would you use?

Art movements also affect how a product changes: The arts and Crafts Movement Art Nouveau Modernism Bauhaus Art Deco De Stijl Memphis group Cut these out and arrange them to the pictures on the next page

The arts and Crafts Movement Art Nouveau Modernism

De Stijl Art Deco Memphis group Bauhaus

Try to put the statements into your own words.
Objective: To understand how and why products change over time. Using the PD Text book pg write down what it was about these movements that made them significant. Try to put the statements into your own words.

Picking your favourite produce a moodboard to go into your folder. It should include design and art. The arts and Crafts Movement Art Nouveau Modernism Bauhaus Art Deco De Stijl Memphis group

The Brand In the 1990’s the designs themselves became less significant. The focus shifted to the designer themselves. This brought the need for designer products. Brand Image is now a major factor in the sale of goods and companies work hard to get to the top. Brand is so important the it now hides the designer. Alessi for example has a brand image that is supported by a team of designers. Copy this into your book.

Movie clips on how products change over time

Objective: To understand how designers meet consumer needs.
Meeting consumer needs: This falls into three main categories: Technology Push This is where discoveries in Science and Technology push the development of products. Market Pull This is where the inspiration for a new product comes from the needs of society. An example of this is people wanting cheaper smaller cars so manufacturers produce them. Obsolescence Built in or planned obselescence. This is where the manufacturer designs a product to only lasts a set amount of time and not be repaired or re used. Cut these out and arrange them into order of importance

Meeting consumer needs: Task: Go on the tin-ter-web and get an a4 powerpoint page full of images of products. Anything, phones, cars, cameras etc etc. Print them off and cut them out. Arrange them into two groups: 1. Those that have been developed through the discovery of new technologies. 2. Those which have been produced due to the wants of the customer.

Objective: To learn about market pull and technological push and demonstrate this understanding.
This is not led by consumers but led by science and technology. As consumers we don’t know what is available until these products are launched.

Objective: To learn about market pull and technological push and demonstrate this understanding.
Inspiration for a new product comes from the needs of society. The key element is that customer demand is high, therefore the customer is demanding the products Market pull

Cut these out and arrange them into order oldest to newest

Take a photocopied page Cut out section called continuous improvement with diagram and stick in. Cut out section called market research and stick in. Cut out section called product analysis and sick in. Underline or high light the important sections. Complete the activities at the bottom of the page as your home study. You will present these to the rest of the group next week.

Objective: To understand how to develop a product for an identified need.
Writing and undestanding a Design Brief is one of the most important Skills that you can have. Cut out and stick in ‘Writing a Design Brief’ 140. Complete the activities but only for one of the products. Cut it out and write your design brief underneath.

Objective: To understand about design implications for the manufacturer.
Every product needs a unique reason to exist! Which of these is these products has the best right to exist? Stick them into your book and explain which is best. Home study

Cut out picture and stick in. List the features of this IPod Nano from a style point of view. Home study

Cut out picture and stick in. List the engineering challenges that would have to be taken into account. Home study

Cut out page Its very important that you understand all of the stages of the design to manufacture for the Jaguar. Home study

There are three types of ‘Design’ that you need to be aware of. Empirical Design Empirical design means designing through trial and error, experimental approach and looking at past practices and predicting the products future. Intuitive Design This is where the designer predicts what the customer wants. People with intuitve design skills know their areas very well! Most common in Fashion and Food. Systematic Design This is where the design process is broken down into chunks. You then Systematically work through it piece by piece, section by section. Home study Copy these into your book. Which of these have you used?

Design inspiration comes from many different areas, Natural Form, Patterns, Structures and Geometry are the most common. Look at the mood board. Pick out a few sections that you like and use them to design: A Kettle Home study

Home study

Objective: To understand about the functions of packaging
With the person next to you: Try to come up with the 6 functions of packaging. What must it do? Cut out ‘PICT PD’ pg 34 and glue it into your book, you will need to know this if a packaging analysis question comes up. Home study

Copy out the labelling section but put it into your own words (pg 35) Home study

Can you remember without your book, what these mean? P I C T D Home study

Objective: To understand about the manufacture of packaging
There are many different materials and techniques used for packaging. Printing on packaging: Lithography: this is the most common form of commercial printing, and works on the principal that water and oil don’t mix. Flexography: this is a form of relief printing used on packaging labels, tape, bags, boxes and banners. Screen Printing: this process uses mesh to support and ink blocking stencil. The attached stencil forms open areas of mesh, and a squeegee is moved across the screen stencil forcing or pumping ink through the woven mesh in the open areas. Copy this into your book Home study

Die cutting and creasing: The outline of a piece of packaging is cut, creased or perforated using the die cutting technique. A die is made from cutting knives and scoring rules. Copy this into your book Home study

Insulation Packaging Security packaging Skin packaging Blister packaging Which is which? Cut them out and arrange the pictures to the correct titles. Home study

Objective: To understand about the power of branding
What is a brand? A brand is a valuable asset to a company. A brand involves using a name, term, colour, symbol, design or combination of these to identify the goods or services of a seller in a way that makes them appealing. Branding speaks about us, what brands we buy, what products we like. It is so strong that we often buy products on the basis of the brand rather than on the quality. Copy this into your book Home study

So why create a brand? On your tables discuss why it is so important to a company to have a recognisable brand? It makes a companies product and services more recognisable and visible. Makes customers feel secure It gives a company ‘personality’ or ‘image’ which buyers like. People are loyal to what they think of as ‘good brands’ Cut these out and arrange them into order of most to least important. Home study

Home study

Brand personality, or brand association. Cut one of these out and stick it into your book. What values do you associate with these brand? Sporty, young…… Quality, expensive…. Home study

Objective: To understand about design in the human context.
Think: When you are designing a product, what human factors do you need to consider? Home study

Physiological factors: Peoples capabilities, such as hand eye coordination, size, strength and stamina affect the way they relate to products. This is also called ERGONOMICs. Psychological factors: Designers have to remember that our senses constantly provide us with information, like the height of a step or the heat from an oven. Colour is very important because it can influence moods, and help people understand the product. Safety features in red, white for cleanliness. Sound is also used to provide instructions and warnings but also to reassure us that a product is working. Sociological factors: Adequate personal space is important in the design of public transport as a lack of it can affect stress levels. Access is also a key issue, climbing steps and opening doors can be difficult for the young and old. Home study Stick these into your book

Go through these two pictures and identify what the Physiological, Psychological and sociological are.

Inclusive and exclusive design. Two of these are inclusive and two of them are exclusive designs, which are which and why? Home study

Anthropometrics: The study of peoples size. Focussed on a percentage called the 5th to 95th percentile. Take door height as an example, in order to allow the most people to be able to get through a door designers work on an average called the 5th to 95th percentile. It means that the very tallest from 95th to 100th percentile will have to duck through the door but the majority will be ok. Cut out and stick in the explanation of ergonomics and the diagrams pg 43. Home study

Home study

Objective: To understand about making products safe
Cut out Legislation, BSI and CE and glue in from page 44. Home study

Quality assurance: An overall approach to ensure products attain a consistently high standard. Throughout the manufacturing process, materials, equipment production processes and training of staff need to be checked and monitored. The BSI Kite mark and CE marking relate to quality assurance as well as product safety. Copy this into your book and highlight the important words. Home study

Quality control: As a product is made a series of samples are taken from the production line and are checked are to make sure that each part meets a specific, previously set standard. Depending on the product it may be tested after every ten, hundred or thousand have been produced. Tests might include: Dimensions Weight Flammability Fit and use Copy this into your book and highlight the important words. Home study

Tolerance: If a massive quantity of a product are being made its not always possible to make sure that every product is identical. A tolerance may then be applied dictating for example minimum and maximum measurements. Tolerances are the acceptable range of differences from the agreed standard. Copy this into your book and highlight the important words. Home study

Which magazine: A magazine that is a consumer association. It test similar products and evaluates them so that the consumer can buy the magazine, see which product is best and purchase that one without having to first try all the others. Copy this into your book and highlight the important words. Home study

Home study presentations

Objective: To understand about global responsibility in design.
The resources that we use fall into two categories: Non Renewable resources: This means that the raw materials like oil, ores and minerals come from sources that will run out. These are also known as finite resources. Disposal of these products can be complicated and may have a negative impact on the environment. Renewable resources: We need to look after our natural resources so we need to use a greater quantity of renewable resources. This helps to protect the environment and will safe guard the supply of products and services. Timber products now carry the FSC logo which reassures the supplier that the timber has come from a managed forest. Copy this into your book and cut out diagram D from pg 49

Cut out the word and their definitions.
Objective: To understand about global responsibility in design. Use, disposal and recycling Refuse Reuse Repair Recycle Rethink Reduce Cut out the word and their definitions. Try to match each definition to a word.

Which R does each of these represent most?

Social impact: Only recently are people really becoming aware of the impact that they are having on the environment. Cut out the product lifecycles (diagram a pg50) and glue it into your book. Then cut out diagram B and glue it in.

Using the information that you have glued in work out where the ingredients, materials for the product and the packaging have come from and how they might have been transported.

Carbon footprint: Everything we buy and use has a carbon footprint. It is the total amount of greenhouse gasses that are emitted in the products lifetime, including its production, use and disposal. These can have a serious impact on climate change as many materials travel long distances before they reach the consumer.

Fair trade: A UK based foundation to ensure that farmers in poorer parts of the world receive a fair price for their produce. Producers and traders must make sure that the standards set are met by: Ensuring a fair and stable price is agreed, Investing in local projects to enhance social, economic and environmental development, emphasising a partnership between traders and producers, making sure that trading relationships are mutually beneficial long term.

Objective: To understand how and why products change over time.

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Objective: To understand how and why products change over time.

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