1. ISAT 422: Environmental Management Pollution Prevention n Reduction or elimination of the creation of pollution

2. ISAT 422: Environmental Management Pollution Prevention Act of 1990 n Establishes P 2 as a national objective n Requires EPA to develop and implement source reduction strategy

3. ISAT 422: Environmental Management Pollution Prevention Act (cont’d) n NOTE: Source Reduction  any practice which – (1) reduces the amount of any hazardous substance, pollutant, or contaminant entering any waste stream or otherwise released into the environment (including fugitive emissions) prior to recycling, treatment, or disposal; and – (2) reduces the hazards to public health and the environment associated with the release of such substances, pollutants, or contaminants. 42 USCA 13101(b)

4. ISAT 422: Environmental Management Pollution Prevention Act (cont’d) n Declares that P 2 is the highest tier in a hierarchy of acceptable practices (prevention  recycling  treatment  disposal) n Defines P 2 as source reduction and other practices that reduce or eliminate the creation of pollutants through increased efficiency in the use of raw materials, energy, water, or other resources, as well as the protection of natural resources by conservation

5. ISAT 422: Environmental Management Pollution Prevention Act (cont’d) n EPA must identify measurable goals and consider the effect of other agency programs on source reduction (barriers &c) n Added section to Form R report (SARA Title III) to verify progress in P 2

6. ISAT 422: Environmental Management Pollution Prevention Act (cont’d) n Directs EPA to conduct R&D pursuing multimedia waste minimization technology transfer n Funds states to encourage P 2 and waste minimization

7. ISAT 422: Environmental Management Example n Yorktown Refinery (roll video…)

8. ISAT 422: Environmental Management EPA's Approach n Pollution Prevention Strategy incorporates P 2 into every aspect of its programs as of February 1991 n Develops voluntary programs for companies to reduce aggregate releases of specific chemicals n Uses the data from TRI form R to track industrial P 2 efforts

9. ISAT 422: Environmental Management Common Sense Initiative (CSI) n Announced in 1994 n Replaces a pollutant-by-pollutant approach with industry-by-industry n Bringing to together various stakeholders (regulators, industry, NGO) n Currently focusing on six industries:

10. ISAT 422: Environmental Management Blueprint for achieving "real" environmental protection n Alternative Flexible Regulatory Systems - Team review of major regulations to try to improve new regs through increased coordination n Pollution Prevention - Avoid shifting pollution from one medium to another by making P 2 part of normal business practice in every industry

11. ISAT 422: Environmental Management Blueprint (cont’d) n Reporting - Each team must make environmental information collection easier for industry and increase public access n Compliance - The reorganized Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance, each team offers motivated companies a more flexible way to attain goals. n Unmotivated companies will bear brunt of a stronger enforcement program

12. ISAT 422: Environmental Management Blueprint (cont’d) n Permitting - Permit process improved to be responsive to the needs of both the public and industry n Environmental Technology - Industry will have incentives and flexibility to create new technologies that meet or exceed environmental standards while cutting costs

13. ISAT 422: Environmental Management Environmental Leadership Program (ELP) n 1994 From EPA's desire to test alternative compliance approaches n Allows test facilities to use environment management techniques to streamline reporting requirements and reduce compliance inspections n Goal is to achieve improvements within framework of existing laws

14. ISAT 422: Environmental Management ELP (cont’d) n Incentive based (mostly public recognition, but also accelerated permits, reduce monitoring and reporting requirements, multimedia permits, and offset voluntary actions against future regulatory requirements) n One year pilot completed in 1996 n On hold in 1998 while they figure out how to coordinate voluntary programs

15. ISAT 422: Environmental Management Excellence in Leadership Program (XL) - 1995 n Give regulated facilities more flexibility to develop alternative strategies for environmental compliance n Grants industrial participants flexibility in exchange for an enforceable commitment by the participants to attain greater environmental results than those which would have been achieve through full compliance n First Eight participants approved in December of 1995