1. Satellite Communications and Spectrum Efficiency
Phillip L. Spector
Executive Vice President, Business Development,
& General Counsel
ITU Telecom World 2009
Geneva, Switzerland
7 October 2009

2. Intelsat: Global Leader in Satellite Communications
Leading provider of fixed- satellite services (“FSS”)
Approximately 1,800 customers
More than 200 countries
Resilient and flexible communications network
51 satellites
8 strategically-located teleports
More than 28,000 miles of leased fiber connectivity
Robust fleet investment program
11 satellites currently in development
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Intelsat’s Operations Headquarters, Washington, D.C.

3. Satellite Applications Help Achieve Government Policy Goals and Business Objectives …
Maritime Communications
Mobile Video
Wireless Extension Services
Telemedicine
Corporate Networks
Distance Education
Disaster
Preparedness
Internet Connectivity
IPTV
VoIP
Intelsat’s applications increase teledensity rates, provide distance education and telemedicine, provide broadband to rural areas, and more

4. … because of the Unparalleled Benefits We Provide to Our Customers
Available everywhere: ideal for simultaneous distribution of bandwidth-intensive information;
Versatile: support all of today's communications needs;
Reliable: constant and uniform quality of service to hundreds of locations, regardless of geography;
Fast: rapid, inexpensive network roll-out to hundreds or thousands of locations;
Flexible: can complement, augment or extend any communications network, without terrestrial limitations;
Expandable: Intelsat’s satellite / hybrid networks are easily scalable as service needs grow.

5. Satellites Technology Helps Increase Teledensity Rates and Enables Rural Broadband:
Where there are inadequate terrestrial facilities to connect base stations to the Internet backbone;
In rural and less densely populated communities;
To expand the network reach of terrestrial wireless access systems
Similar to how cellular operators use satellites to connect to their base station towers.
WiMAX Repeaters
Gateway to the Internet
Internet 19

6. Satellites Use Spectrum Efficiently
Satellites provide national, regional and global coverage that is unmatched by other technologies.
One satellite (DTH) can serve millions of users with a single transmission.
Geostationary satellites reuse spectrum in 2 degree (or less) increments.
Satellites provide services where other technologies can’t or won’t: Disaster recovery, rural and remote areas, inhospitable terrain.
Network efficiency optimization (carrier on carrier, DVB-S2) -- new modulation schemes are increasing the amount of data satellites can carry.

7. Frequency Reuse – 2 Degree (or less) Spacing

8. Spectrum Efficiency Brings Higher Susceptibility to Interference
Reduced orbital separation and greater satellite deployments increase adjacent satellite interference.
New modulation techniques that increase throughput are more sensitive to interference.
Deployment of smaller satellite dishes that enable greater use of satellites provide less interference protection.
Sharing with fixed terrestrial services further adds to the interference environment.

9. Concerns About Spectrum Use and Management
Terrestrial Wireless Access Systems (BWA, FWA, WiMAX, etc) are moving into the C-band, traditionally used by fixed satellite services.
Cases of harmful interference are increasing.
Extent of satellite usage is understated, because virtually all receive-only earth stations are unregistered.
As terrestrial services are moving from fixed to mobile systems, protection of earth stations is getting more difficult.
Sharing between terrestrial wireless access systems and satellite receiver stations imposes undue constraints on all operators and is NOT realistic.

10. Spectrum Management Principles Are a Tool to Support Policy Goals
Satellite services’ quality and reliability only can be maintained without harmful interference.
Examine services for “compatibility” before allocating them to the same spectrum.
Keep in mind the special nature and advantages of satellite services when making spectrum allocations.
Establishment of national and international protection criteria;
Protection of receive-only earth stations;
Interference mitigation not just from in-band, but also out-of-band services.

11. The Role of Satellite in Reaching the Next Billion
Cellular Backhaul
Internet Trunking
eLearning
As we connect the “Next Billion”, they may become the “Best Billion”, because of the quality of technology available to them
Technology will not be an obstacle
Connectivity will include voice, Internet, and video
A supportive regulatory environment is an increasing part of the solution
History demonstrates that deregulation and competition fosters innovative and cost effective solutions
Satellites’ expansive coverage knows no boundaries
Satellite industry is willing, ready and able to play a key role
Telemedicine
Mobile Video Networks
Disaster Recovery