1. Sculpture and Site Specific Art Understanding 3 Dimensions

2. Space  This element is what separates 2D from 3D art  Space actually exists in 3D works  3D space possesses height, width, and depth  Other topics that accompany space  Volume & Mass  Form vs Shape  Negative space

3. Volume & Mass  Volume  Volume is the space taken up by a solid  You can say a work has volume if it is 3D  Mass  Is a solid that occupies a three-dimensional volume  It must be measured in terms of height, width, and depth  The difference between shape and mass is the difference between a square and a cube

4. Form & Shape  Form  Is a mass  Cube  Shape  Is 2D… flat  Square

5. Negative Space  Empty space that acquires a sense of volume and form by means of the outline or frame that surrounds them

6. Sculpture  3D art  Two large categories  Subtractive  Take away from the material  Wood, stone, clay, etc…  Additive  Add more and more material  Clay, plaster, wax, etc…  Materials  There are traditional materials such as clay, metal, stone, wood, etc…  However, anything can be a sculptural material… even people

7. Sculpture Techniques  Carving  Start with a block of material and cut portions away to create final work  Wood, clay, stone, wax, etc…

10. Sculpture Techniques  Modeling  Shaping material into a 3D form  Can be done by hand or by tools  Clay, wax, etc…

12. Sculpture Techniques  Casting  Liquid material poured into a mold  Mold making  Metal, wax, resin, plastics, plaster, clay, etc…

14. A Process: Lost Wax

16. Clay Positive

17. Rubber Mold

18. Plaster Mother Mold

19. Taking the positive out

20. Ready for Casting

21. Pouring Microcrystalline Wax

22. Pouring out excess wax

23. Releasing Wax Positive

24. Cutting into castable sections

25. Attaching pour cup and gating

26. Ceramic Shell Slurry

27. Second Step in Ceramic Shell

28. Burn Out

29. Skimming the bronze

30. Pouring

31. Cooling

32. Reassembled and Patina

33. Finished Bronze

34. Other Techniques/Types of Sculpture  Constructed  Sculpture constructed from materials such as metal, cardboard, wire, etc…

36. Other Techniques/Types of Sculpture  Assemblage  Typically found objects or other preexisting objects assembled together to create a work of sculpture

38. Other Techniques/Types of Sculpture  Readymades  Like a found object assemblage, but no assembly required  Marcel Duchamp

41. Other Techniques/Types of Sculpture  Light  Light as a sculptural medium  Could be found lighting and arranged aesthetically  Could be custom lighting

43. Ceramics  Objects formed out of clay and then hardened by firing the clay pieces in a kiln

44. Types of Clays  Earthenware  Porous clay fired to low temperatures  Stoneware  Impermeable to water b/c fired to high temperatures  Porcelain  Smooth-textured clay that becomes virtually translucent and glossy when fired  Fired to highest temperatures

45. Firing Chart

46. Reduction & Oxidation  http://digitalfire.com/4sight/glossary/r.html http://digitalfire.com/4sight/glossary/r.html

47. Electric Kiln  Oxidation  Fired with elements  Timers  Manual  automatic

48. Gas Kiln  Reduction  Oxidation  Gas as fuel

49. Wood Kiln  Reduction or Oxidation  Ash as glaze  Wood as fuel

50. Pit Firing & Handbuilding  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7AhX1MhvAG8 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7AhX1MhvAG8  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1zrTO1KYhQs&featur e=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1zrTO1KYhQs&featur e=related

51. Throwing on the Wheel  http://www.youtube.com/user/youdanxxx#p/u/8/0IOEAO eyFLU http://www.youtube.com/user/youdanxxx#p/u/8/0IOEAO eyFLU

52. Peter Voulkos

73.  Examples

74. Tang Dynasty 8 th Century China sancai technique—Three colored glaze

75. Mingei “Unkown Craftsman”

76. Shoji Hamada 1970

77. Bernard Leach

78. Byron Temple Salt-glazed box

79. Notkin, Richard Notkin, Richard Cube Skull Teapot: Tea, Blood and Opium, Yixing Series 2002

80. Karen Karnes c. 1960 c. 2000

81. Peter Volkous 1954 1999

82. Beatrice Wood (1893-1998) Ojai, CA Chalice with gold luster, 1985 Thrown earthenware

83. Ron Nagle (b. 1939) Vermilion to One, 2000 Whiteware with enamel glazes 6.75"H x 5.75"W x 4.6"D

84. Robert Arneson c. 1970

85. Rudy Autio Fanfare

86. Sergei Isupov, "Shine", teapot, 8 x 10 x 7", 1997.

87. Tom Bartel Nursing Figure

88. Joyce Jablonski Hearts & Flowers #39 2000 terracotta, slips and glazes 8"x3.5"x4"

89. Joyce Jablonski

90. Ruth Duckworth No. 789603, 2003 Bella Artes