1. APS Day 8 Enduring Understanding(s) 1.Voters select candidates mainly based on party identification and candidate attributes, more often than basing their decision on the issues. 2. Campaign financing is strictly regulated and individuals, political action committees, 527 committees, and public funds all provide financing for political campaigns. 3. Modern political campaigns utilize the media to package candidates and persuade voters. Course Review Questions 12. Explain how modern political campaigns are financed and regulated, and describe the current proposals for campaign finance reform. 13. Explain how modern political campaigns work and how campaigns are influenced today by each of the following: a. Types of advertising including negative campaign ads b. Public opinion polls c. News coverage d. “Sound bites” e. “spin control” f. Televisiong. debates h. Packaging a candidate 14. What factors usually influence voters’ choice of candidates?.

4. Election Process Congressional Election Primary Elections Open or Closed General Election between nominees from each party. Winner is whoever has the most popular votes Presidential Election Nomination: Primary, Caucus, or State Convention Delegates vote at National Convention for the Party Nominee General Election between nominees of each party to get each states electors Electoral College selects the President (Need 270 to win)

5. E-3. Advertisements Name Recognition: Get the candidate’s name out into the public knowledge Positive Image: Show the candidate as a good person, doing good things, someone you like and want to be in office Negative: Makes the opponent look bad Issue: Focus on a specific issue that candidate can exploit or extol their good record on.

6. E-3. Advertisements Read through pg. 11 You can make a MAXIMUM of four advertisements You have a choice between the six options Each is worth a different amount of points. So you can actually earn more than the thirty points for this assignment. It is up to you and your group! I would like to see at least 3 out of the 4 different types of ads

7. Voting Choice Why do people vote for one Candidate over another? Complete chart on pg. 12 Pg. 297-301 in textbook Party Identification Candidate Attributes Issues and Policies Conclusion:

8. Campaign Finance Define the changes in Campaign Finance (#1-6 on pg. 13) using your textbook pg. 1.FECA- Passed in 1971, required campaigns to fully report all of their spending (expenditures). Changed over time to limit how much certain groups could donate to the campaign (Political Action Committees) 2. Federal Election Commission (FEC)- Created in 1974. This bipartisan agency enforces the limits on campaign spending and maintains a very thorough database of all donations. Campaigns must report donations to the FEC. Also contributes towards the public financing of campaigns (matching funds).

10. Campaign Finance 3. BCRA (McCain-Feingold Bill): 1 - Banned soft money 2 - Increased contribution limits 3 - Strict disclosure requirements – every donation to every party, PAC and campaign is reported to the FEC with donor’s names, addresses, jobs, and amounts 4 - Ads must have approval voiced by candidate him/herself 5 - Independent expenditures/advertisements which contain candidate’s names are strictly limited within 60 days of an election 6 - Union dues cannot be spent on elections, and union members can opt out of union PAC donations without penalty

11. Campaign Finance 4.Hard Money: Money that is donated directly to a campaign for a specific candidate. It is strictly regulated and individuals can only donate up to $2,300 to any campaign and PACs can donate up to $5,000 to any campaign per election (therefore, they can donate it twice per election cycle-primary & general election) 5.Soft Money: Is now ILLEGAL under BCRA. Soft money was money donated to then national party. This money was used to promote certain issues, grow party membership, and register voters. These could not be limited due to first right amendments. 6.527 Committees: Tax-exempt, non-profit organizations created to raise awareness about an issue. They can use unlimited amounts of money. They cannot donate money towards a political campaign or specifically support a candidate.

12. Committee to Elect Roy Blunt, Inc. Receives ONLY HARD money from: Individuals – $2,300 per election PACs - $5,000/election Federal Gov’t – matching funds up to $250/private donation Prohibited – NOT Prohibited – companies, labor unions, banks may NOT donate any $ Spends money for: Advertising Travel Office staff Campaign consultants Office supplies Mailing Polling $ Political Action Committees (PACs) Receive $ from: Individuals - $5,000/yr Other PACs - $5,000/yr Prohibited – NOT Prohibited – companies, labor unions, banks may NOT donate any $ National Political Party – gets $ from: Individuals – $25,000/yr PACs – $15,000/yr Soft Money $ National Political Party – got Soft Money $ from: Individuals – unlimitedBusinesses - unlimited PACs – unlimitedUnions - unlimited Soft $ spent on “issue ads” “Informational ads” Party-building activities Election spending ave. House - $900,000 Senate - $4 million President - $125 million BCRA ‘ 02