2. 2 Bacteria 2

4. There are few environments free of microbes. Microbes can grow: –in environments below 0 o C, –in environments above 100 o C, – at pH 1, – at pH 12, – with no oxygen, – on inorganics, –on gaseous nitrogen (and provide fixed N for all other life) –on cellulose (and hence allow all herbivores to exist).

5. Binary Fission

6. 6 Protists 6

8. 8 Definitions sporophyte - a 2n structure - diploid gametophyte - a 1n structure - haploid gamete - haploid, produced by meiotic division zygote - the union of two gametes (2n) anthredia - 8

12. Moss Lifecycle Anthredia Archegonia Male gametophyte Female gametophyte sporophyte Protonema

13. Fern Lifecycle

14. Gymnosperm Lifecycle

15. Angiosperm Lifecycle