1. THE TREATY 3 RD YR

2. both sides in war of independence wanted truce Br army knew they couldn’t capture IRA Br public horrified by army’s brutality IRA knew they couldn’t win... because they didn’t have enough weapons or soldiers

3. during the war Br had passed govt of Ireland Act this divided ireland into 2 parts northern ireland - 6 counties.....with a HR parliament in Belfast 1 st Prime Minister was James Craig Southern ireland - HR parliament in Dublin

4. we had ignored this Act wanted full independence now, nothing less the HR parliament never happened But unionists up North happy with HR parliament this would cause huge prob for Treaty deal

5. Oct 1921 irish delegation go to Br Dev refused to go Wanted to stay in ireland and be consulted nothing was to be signed without his approval sent Collins, Griffith and 5 others their aims: 1. Wanted completely independent republic 2. Wanted an end to partition (ie no Northern Ireland)

6. Led by Br PM Lloyd George included a young Winston Churchill their aims 1. To make sure ireland stayed in Br commonwealth..becoz afraid other members would also want to leave 2. To keep Northern ireland state why? Wanted to avoid unionist violence remem the unionist solemn oath

7. neither side budged talks dragged on but got nowhere lloyd george gave ultimatum irish must accept terms or......go back to war Collins knew IRA couldn’t hold out any longer so irish reluctantly signed Treaty...without Dev’s approval

8. 1. Ireland called the Irish Free State 2. Given Dominion status - still part of Br Commonwealth 3. King still head of Irish State 4. TDs must take an oath of allegiance 5. Br kept control of 3 naval ports in ireland 6. Boundary Commission set up to decide border......between North and South 7. Governor-general was king’s representative in Ireland

9. basically ireland got freedom in its domestic affairs ie tax, govt, army, schools etc but we still technically belonged to Britain in theory, Br could still control ireland if they decided

10. Disaster - split the country IRA and Sinn Fein split down the middle Some supported it - some did not dev furious - hadn’t been consulted the dial met to debate the treaty

11. 1. Gave ireland more independence than HR would have 2. Collins argued that it was a ‘stepping stone’.....to full independence 3. IRA couldn’t win the war - so it was the best deal

12. 1. Treaty didn’t give a Republic 2. Republicans refused to swear an oath of loyalty to king 3. King was still head of state, so......if he want, could still interfere with Irish affairs

13. The TDs voted on whether to accept treaty Pro-treaty won Anti-treaty TDs, led by Dev, left the Dail Griffith replaced Dev as president General Election of 1922 voted for pro-treaty SF showed that the public supported the treaty

14. anti-treaty TDs refused to sit in Dail - why? refused to take the oath IRA split into pro- and anti-treaty Pro-treaty became the official Free State Army Anti-treaty IRA became the irregulars neither side backed down The BR army left the Irish barracks Both pro- and anti-treaty IRA took them over Civil War beckoned