1. Factors influencing governance practices in NGOs Balázs Sátor CSDF Hungary

2. Leadership Capabilities of leadership - fear of change Fear of more control and supervision - fear of a more involved board Fear of having to take more responsibilities - fear of being more involved Style or model of leadership in the organization

3. History Communist tradition of hierarchical committes and boards - only higher level people respected Opposition (greens, underground, community developers) - any form of higher level body rejected

4. Culture Understanding of democracy in the society determines NGO culture as well General image of NGOs in the public Lack of volunteer culture Lack of philanthropic culture Individual motivations and group needs

5. Organizational readiness Lifecycle of organizations Level of professional maturity Capacity of management to focus on board development Board education Finances made available for board development

6. Market Competition for financial resources Competition for public trust Competition for professional credit Competition for volunteers (including board members) and staff Cooperation for interest representation Cooperation for filling market niches

7. Other Pressure Factors React on or prevent scandals, abuses React on or prevent political influences Relation to mainstream thinking and developments Availability of information, models and support General social - economic trends (globally)

8. “Typology” “Tell you everything” “Tell me everything” Hard to understand real partnership

9. How we started? Board development trainings, workshops Organizational development projects Action research Self-developmet/ NCNB Self-development/ CSDF Hungary`s board Research project/ BoardSource Module development Trainings and consultation

10. Governance Models Traditional Partnership Based CEE practice Governance Management