1. SOUND

2. Sound Waves longitudinal waves that can only travel through matter
vibrating objects produce sound by moving molecules

3. Speed of Sound
Speed of a sound wave increases as the material’s density increases
ex. travel fastest through solids
Speed of a sound wave increases as the temperature of the material increases
ex. travel fastest through warmer materials

4. Sound and Pitch
Frequency - amount of wavelengths that pass a point in one second; measured in Hertz (Hz)
Pitch – the perception of how high or low a sound seems
higher frequency = higher pitch
lower frequency = lower pitch

5. Sound and Loudness
Amplitude – depends on the amount of energy a wave carries
higher amplitude
compressions closer together, rarefactions farther apart
more energy, louder sound
lower amplitude
compressions farther apart, rarefactions closer together
less energy, softer sound

6. Sonar/Echolocation Sonar Echolocation
reflected sound waves are used to locate underwater objects
calculate the distance by using the time it takes the sound wave to reflect
Echolocation
method used by animals (ex. dolphins, bats) to locate prey

7. Ultrasound
converts high-frequency sound waves to images of internal body parts called sonograms