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Sound Overview The Facts of Sound The Ear and Sound Sound Vocabulary Musical Instruments and Sound.

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Presentation on theme: "Sound Overview The Facts of Sound The Ear and Sound Sound Vocabulary Musical Instruments and Sound."— Presentation transcript:

1

2 Sound

3 Overview The Facts of Sound The Ear and Sound Sound Vocabulary Musical Instruments and Sound

4 The Facts Sound … 1. Is a form of energy produced & transmitted by vibrating matter 2. Travels in waves 3. Travels more quickly through solids than liquids or gases

5 The Ear Sound is carried to our ears through vibrating air molecules. Our ears take in sound waves & turn them into signals that go to our brains. Sound waves move through 3 parts of the ear; outer ear, middle ear, & inner ear. Middle Ear

6 Vibration -Back and forth movement of molecules of matter -For example,

7 Compression -Where molecules are being pressed together as the sound waves move through matter -For example, -a wave travels through the springs just like sound waves travel through the air -the places where the springs are close together are like compressions in the air.

8 Sound Waves -Alternating areas of high & low pressure in the air -ALL sound is carried through matter as sound waves -Sound waves move out in ALL directions from a vibrating object

9 Sound Speed The speed of sound depends on the type of medium through which it travels. –Fastest in solids –Slowest in gases –Speed of sound (at 20°C, dry air) = 342 m/s

10 Sound & Frequency -The frequency of a sound wave depends on how fast the source of the sound is vibrating. -Faster vibrating = higher sound

11 Pitch A measure of how high or low a sound is Pitch depends on the frequency of a sound wave For example, - Low pitch - Low frequency - Longer wavelength - High pitch - High frequency - Shorter wavelength

12 Sound and Instruments -Instruments can be played at different pitches by changing lengths of different parts. -For example, -Another way to make different pitches is to change the thickness of the material that vibrates. -For example, A trombone’s mute absorbs some of the sound waves produced, thus producing a softer note when played.

13 Intensity Vs Loudness Intensity –rate at which a wave’s energy flows through a given area. Sound intensity depends on the wave’s amplitude and the distance from the source.

14 Intensity Vs Loudness Measured in decibels (dB). Loudness is how loud or soft a sound is perceived to be (subjective).

15 Ultrasound and Sonar Ultrasound –sound waves with frequencies above the normal human range of hearing. Sounds in the range from 20-100kHz

16 Ultrasound and Sonar Infrasound – sounds with frequencies below the normal human range of hearing. Sounds in the 20- 200 Hz range

17 Ultrasound and Sonar -Sonar -An instrument that uses reflected sound waves to find underwater objects -For example, Animals use sonar or echo location to find their prey; these sounds have such a high pitch or frequency that the human ear cannot hear Humans use sonar to locate or map objects

18 Doppler Effect Doppler Effect is the change in sound frequency of a sound caused by the motion of either the listener or the source of the sound. As a source of sound approaches, an observer hears higher frequency. When sound moves away, the observer hears a lower frequency.

19 That’s all folks!


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