2. Sanitation markets What do we mean by scale and resilience? … and some implications for policy and programming Nathaniel Mason - Research Fellow 4 December 2015

3. What do we mean by markets? Market - Any formal or informal structure (not necessarily a physical space) in which buyers and sellers exchange goods, labour or services for cash or other goods. The word ‘market’ can simply mean the place in which good or services are exchanged. Market system - A market system is a network of market actors, many buyers and sellers – not only one chain – supported by infrastructure and services, interacting within a context of institutions or rules that shape the actors’ trading environment - 'Markets and WaSH Learning Event, Nairobi, Kenya, 13 October 2015, convened by IRC, ACF and Oxfam, supported by USAID 3

4. What do we mean by scale? 4 Links in the value chain MarketingStorageCollectionDisposalTreatment Resource recovery Scale of business Sole trader Small-medium enterprise Multinational Micro enterprise Large enterprise

5. What do we mean by scale? 5 Key ingredients: - Finance - Expertise - (Public) policy ADB 2013 ADB 2010 M. Asokan 2014 - PM launches Swachh Bharat Abhiyaan

6. What do we mean by resilience? 6 “The ability of the market system to absorb disturbance during a crisis and reorganize/return to pre-crisis state following an emergency” - Jonathan Parkinson, Oxfam GB Key ingredients: - Foresight - Agility - Innovation capacity - Safety nets

7. So what?

8. Balance 8 Arthur Mee and Holland Thompson, eds. The Book of Knowledge (New York, NY: The Grolier Society, 1912) SuSanA Secretariat, 2012 ciptakarya.pu.go.id

9. Aim 9 Hans Rudolf Manuel Deutsch (1525–1571), 1554 SuSanA Secretariat, 2010

10. Patience 10 GRANDVILLE Jean (1803-1847), illustration from the 1855 edition of La Fontaine's Fables Kano, Nigeria. Photo by Shariz Chakera. 2005

11. ODI is the UK’s leading independent think tank on international development and humanitarian issues. We aim to inspire and inform policy and practice to reduce poverty by locking together high-quality applied research and practical policy advice. The views presented here are those of the speaker, and do not necessarily represent the views of ODI or our partners. Overseas Development Institute 203 Blackfriars Road, London, SE1 8NJ T: +44 207 9220 300 www.odi.org.uk n.mason@odi.org.uk #natlukemason