1. States of Consciousness

2. Consciousness Preconscious or Subconscious Unconscious Non-conscious – basic biological functions Altered States of Consciousness – a person’s sense of self or sense of the world changes. - Sleep, Drugs, Meditation, Hypnosis

4. William James “Stream of Consciousness”

5. Sigmund Freud’s View of Consciousness

6. Carl Jung’s View of Consciousness

7. Stages of Sleep

12.  Stage One –Pulse slows –Muscles relax –10 minutes  Stage Two –Irregular brain waves –Eyes roll slowly –20 minutes

13.  Stage Three –Large amplitude waves –Moving into deep sleep  Stage Four –Deepest sleep –Important for psychological and physical well being  Stage One through Four – 75% of sleep

14.  REM sleep –Pulse irregular –Breathing irregular –Legs and arms paralyzed –15 to 45 minutes –Learning and memory consolidate

15. Importance of Sleep  1/3 of life is spent sleeping  Internal biological clocks –Circadian rhythm –24.18 hours  Environment and 24 hour day control sleep cycles  Reasons for sleep –Restoration –Adaptive function –Hibernation – conserve energy –Clearing of the mind (dreams)

16. To Sleep, To Dream Dream Interpretation

17. Dream Theories Sigmund Freud –“wish fulfillment” –Protector of sleep –Manifest VS Latent Content Carl Jung –Personal interpretation –Equilibrium –Manifest amplification

18. Dream Theories Fritz Perls –Gestalt therapy Gayle Delaney –Dream interview Francis Crick –Trash-can theory

19. Ann Faraday –Tripartite System –Existential examination Rosalind Cartwright –Adaptive role